Complemenation Flashcards
Complementation testing
Distinguish whether recessive mutations are in the same or different genes
How can mutations complement each other?
If the mutations are in different genes
Do mutations in the same gene complement each other?
No
Non-allelic
Different genes
Allelic
Same gene
+
Normal/wild type
Compl.
-
Not wildtype
Not compl.
What does recombination b/w allelic mutations show?
That a gene is a linear sequence
What did recombination b/w allelic mutations suggest?
The triplet genetic code
Can different mutations in the same gene cause different effects?
Yes
Null mutations (amorph)
Amorph alleles
Homozygous mutant/mutant has the same phenotype as mutant/deletion
m/m = m/del
Complete loss of gene function
Hypomorphic mutation (leaky)
mutant/mutant has a weaker phenotype (more like w.t) than mutant/deletion
m/m
Partial loss of function allele
Halploinsufficient mutant
One wild type is not enough for a normal phenotype
mutant/wildtype has a dominant phenotype and this phenotype is the same phenotype as deletion/wildtype
M/+ = Del/+
Neomorphic mutations
New function
Antimorphic mutation
Antagonize the wild type function
Dominant negative
Hypermorphic mutation
Increase in w.t gene activity
How do antimorphic dominant mutants act?
They antagonize the w.t activity
dominant neg
What does adding a duplication of a w.t allele do to the severity of a antimorhpic mutant?
It decreases the severity
How can we decrease the severity of a antimorphic mutant (dominant negative)
Adding a w.t allele
What does adding a duplication of a w.t allele do to the severity of a hypermorphic mutant?
Increases the severity
M/+ < M/+,Dp+
aka even MORE w.t
What effect does adding a w.t allele have on the severity of the neomorphic mutant ?
No effect
M/+ = M/+, Dp+
