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ANGELO FLASHCARDS > Compatibility Testing > Flashcards

Compatibility Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Term often considered synonymous with crossmatching

A

Compatibility Testing

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2
Q

Recipient identification, sample collection and handling, and required pretransfusion testing.

A

Compatibility Testing

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3
Q

Discovery of the circulation of blood by William Harvey

(YEAR)

A

1628

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4
Q

Discovered ABO, early recipients often died because no understanding existed of ABO blood group system antibodies o of other blood group system alloantibodies.

(YEAR)

A

1900

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5
Q

A crossmatch procedure was first attempted year ______ in ______ by _______

A

1907
New York
Weil & Ottenberg

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6
Q

Antibody Screening

(YEAR)

A

1950

OR

1950 to mid 1960s

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7
Q

The AABB made the minor crossmatch unnecessary in year ______

A

1976

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8
Q

Computer Crossmatch

(YEAR)

A

1990

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9
Q

Crossway mixing of donor and recipient blood components

A

Crossmatch

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10
Q

A crossmatch is interpreted as compatible when ____ and ____ are present in testing

A

No agglutination
No hemolysis

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11
Q

A crossmatch is interpreted as incompatible when ____ and ____ are present in testing

A

Agglutination
Hemolysis

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12
Q

One unit of RBCs should increase the hematocrit by ___ and the hemoglobin by ____

A

3%
1g/dL

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13
Q

Patient samples for compatibility testing may be ______

A

Serum or Plasma

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14
Q

Tubes that are commonly used in compatibility testing

A

Red top (NO ANTICOAGULANT)
EDTA

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15
Q

Preferred sample for compatibility testing

A

Plasma

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16
Q

AGE OF THE SAMPLE

patient samples and a segment from the donor unit used for crossmatching must be stored for at least ____ days

A

7 days

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17
Q

Mechanical hemolysis may be caused by

A

Use of small gauge needles

Trauma to a small vein

Forcing of blood into the tube through a small needle

Addition of blood to a partially clotted sample

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18
Q

Mechanical hemolysis can mask the detection of antibody induced hemolysis in some examples of _____

A

ABO
P1
Lewis
Kidd
Vel system antibodies

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19
Q

Responsible for confirming the correct ABO labeling of all donor blood received from the donor center if the units were not previously confirmed.

A

Transfusing Facility

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20
Q

It is performed by making a red cell suspension of the donor blood from a segment attached to the donor bag.

A

Retyping

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21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Platelets and plasma do not require retyping.

A

eurT

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22
Q

Pretransfusion testing on the recipient’s sample includes the determination of the patients _____, _____, and ______

A

ABO and D phenotype
Antibody Screen
Crossmatch

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23
Q

Are terms used to describe the detectable ABO red cell antigens

A

ABO Phenotype
ABO type
ABO group

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24
Q

2 Main functions of crossmatching

A

Final check of ABO compatibility between donor and recipient
Detects the presence of an antibody in the patient’s serum.

25
Q

Two parts of crossmatch testing

A

Major Cross Match (PSDR)
Minor Cross Match (PRDS)

26
Q

Detects antibodies in the serum of the donor

A

Minor crossmatch

27
Q

Detects antibodies in the serum of the recipient

A

Major crossmatch

28
Q

What are the other methods of cross matching

A

Saline cross match
High protein tube test
Ortho broad spectrum compatibility
Enzyme method of crossmatch

29
Q

Same with saline tube test, with the addition of _______ which will detect many of the RH - Hr antibodies

(2 Answers)

A

High Protein Tube Test
22% Bovine Albumin

30
Q

Enzymes employed including bromelain, trypsin, papain, and ficin

A

Enzyme method of crossmatch

31
Q

Give 3 phases of Ortho Broad Spectrum Compatibility

A

Protein/Room Temperature Phase
Thermo/Incubated phase
Anti globulin/Coomb’s Phase

32
Q

ORTHO BROAD SPECTRUM COMPATIBILITY TEST

Detect the 3 major types of antibodies including

A

Saline
Albumin
Antihuman globulin

33
Q

What phase detects antibodies that react optimally at 37 deg C

A

Thermo Phase

34
Q

Suspended in saline to detect saline agglutinins (_____ antibodies)

A

Saline cross match
IgM

35
Q

______ ensures that only ABO compatible whole blood or red cells are selected for transfusion.

A

Computer system

36
Q

ADVANTAGES of computer crossmatch

A

Decrease workload
Reduced sample volume for testing
Reduced exposure of personnel to blood samples
Better use of blood inventory

37
Q

SELECTION OF ABO DONOR UNITS

If the component for transfusion contains ___ mL or more of _____, the donor’s ____ must be _____ with the recipient’s ______

A

2 mL
Red cell
Red cell
ABO Compatible
Plasma

38
Q

In the transfusion of plasma products, the ABO antibodies in the transfused plasma should be compatible with the recipient’s _____

A

Red cell

39
Q

D positive blood components should be selected for ____ recipients

A

D positive

40
Q

If the recipient has a clinically unexpected antibody, the recipient should receive _____ blood

A

Antigen negative

41
Q

D negative recipient’s should receive ____ that are _____ to avoid immunization to the D antigen, especially women of childbearing age.

A

RBCs
D Negative

42
Q

______ and ______ propose a policy for the selection of suitable donor units for recipients with blood group antibodies using information about the antibody’s history of clinical significance and availability of compatible blood

A

Poole and Daniels

43
Q

Transfusion of donor units that are crossmatch compatible with anti M and anti N is a generally accepted practice, provided that the antibodies are not reactive at what temperature?

A

37 Deg C

44
Q

In emergency situations, _____ are issued uncross matched inf the patient’s ABO group is unknown.

A

Group O RBCs

45
Q

After the specimen is in the blood bank, the most important test to complete is ____ and _____

A

ABO and D phenotyping

46
Q

If _______ are in short supply. they should be reserved preferentially for emergency release to women younger than or of childbearing age.

A

Group O D negative RBCs

47
Q

May be substituted for emergency release to men and to women older than childbearing age

A

Group O, D positive RBCs

48
Q

Defined as a total volume exchange of blood t hrough transfusion within a 24 hour period, wether in an infant or in an adult patient

A

Massive Transfusion

49
Q

Blood donated by the prospective recipient for later use

A

Autologous blood

50
Q

Infants younger than _____ old are unable to produce their own antibodies

A

4 months

51
Q

At ___ - ____ old of age, infant begin producing their own ABO antibodies and become capable of producing antibodies.

A

4-6 months

52
Q

Contains almost no red cells and do not need to be crossmatched

A

Plasma
Platelet concentrates
Cryoprecipitate

53
Q

Blood component prepared from whole blood that contains only the plasma portion of whole blood and is frozen after separation

A

Plasma

54
Q

Platelets obtained from a whole blood donation contain a minimum of ________ platelets

A

5.5x1010

55
Q

Blood component recovered from a controlled thaw of fresh frozen plasma

A

Cryoprecipitate

56
Q

In cryoprecipitate, the cold insoluble precipitate is rich in coagulation factor ____, _____, ____, and ______

A

VIII
von Willebrand’s factor
XIII
Fibrinogen

57
Q

Apheresis procedure in which the platelets are removed from adonor, and remaining red cells and plasma are returned,

A

Apheresis Platelets

58
Q

Granulocyte Concentrates: Contains a minimum of _____ granulocytes.

A

1.0x101 granulocytes

ANGELO FLASHCARDS (3 decks)

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