Comparison of approaches Flashcards
What is the behaviourist view on development?
No coherent stages- people learn throughout life
What is the SLT view on development?
NO coherent stages- people learn continuously throughout life
What is the cognitive view on development?
Schema develops with age
What is the biological view on development?
Maturation- genetic changes in child’s physiological status influence psychological and behavioural status
What is the psychodynamic view on development?
Most coherent- psychosexual stages of development
What is the humanistic view on development?
Development is continuous- particularly important in younger years (unconditional positive regard)
What is the behaviourist view on nature vs nurture?
Nurture- born as ‘blank slates’- written on by experience and environment
What is the SLT view on nature vs nurture?
Nurture- behaviour learnt through observation of role model (mediational processes)
What is the cognitive view on nature vs nurture?
Nature and Nurture- info processing abilities are innate, but schemas are constantly being refined
What is the biological view on nature vs nurture?
Nature- behaviour is a result of a genetic blueprint, but acknowledge nurture
What is the psychodynamic view on nature vs nurture?
Nature and Nurture- behaviour driven by innate desires and instincts, but parents have an influence on child’s behaviour
What is the humanistic view on nature vs nurture?
Nature and Nurture- environment and people influence the self concept, but innate desire to be ideal self
What is the behaviourist view on reductionism vs holism?
Environmental reductionism- behaviour broken up into stimulus and response units for testing
What is the SLT view on reductionism vs holism?
Reductionist- mediational processes
What is the cognitive view on reductionism vs holism?
Reductionist- machine reductionism, ignores human emotion
What is the biological view on reductionism vs holism?
Genetic reductionism- explains behaviour at level of genes and neurons
What is the psychodynamic view on reductionism vs holism?
Reductionist and holistic- Freud claimed to be holistic: asked people about their history, but approach is mainly reductionist: id, ego, superego, and psychosexual stages
What is the humanistic view on reductionism vs holism?
Holistic- investigates all aspects of an individual
What is the behaviourist view on determinism vs free will?
Hard/environmental determinism- all behaviour determined by external forces, behaviour is the result of conditioning
What is the SLT view on determinism vs free will?
Soft/reciprocal determinism- behaviour is inflfunced by environment, but we exert some influence upon it through free will
What is the cognitive view on determinism vs free will?
Soft determinism- we are ‘choosers’ of our behaviour, but these can only operate within the limits of what we already know/ have experienced
What is the biological view on determinism vs free will?
Hard determinism- environment influences biological structures, behaviour directed by innate desires
What is the psychodynamic view on determinism vs free will?
Hard determinism- unconscious forces drive behaviour, free will is an illusion
What is the humanistic view on determinism vs free will?
Free will- we are active agents who chose our own destiny
