Comparison Flashcards
Is the biological approach free will or deterministic? Explain
Biological determinism.
All behaviour controlled by in-ate internal processes.
Is the behaviourist approach deterministic or free will? Explain
Environmental determinism.
Sees all behaviour as environmentally determined by external influence.
Is social learning theory deterministic or free will? Explain
Soft determinism
Reciprocal determinism influenced by environment and our own influence
Is the cognitive approach free will or deterministic? Explain
Soft determinism
Behaviour determined by cognitive processes
Is the psychodynamic approach free will or deterministic? Explain
Psychic determinism
Behaviour determined by past unconscious experiences
Is the humanistic approach free will or deterministic? Explain
Free will
Active agents who determine their own development. Freedom possible with self actualisation
Is the scientific approach free will or determinism?
Determinism
IV and DV causes of phenomenon in science. Laws made.
Is the biological approach nature or nurture? Explain
Nature
Everything psychological is at first biological. Evolution and genetics
Is the behaviourist approach nature or nurture? Explain
Nurture
All behaviour learnt. Born as a blank slate
Is social learning theory nature or nurture? Explain
Nurture
All behaviour learnt from operant and classical conditioning
Is the cognative approach nature or nurture? Explain
Both
Behaviour processed by mind but environment has impact
Is psychodynamic approach nature or nurture? Explain
Nature
Behaviour determined by in-ate drives eg. Oedipus complex
Is the humanistic approach nature or nurture? Explain
Nurture
Behaviour determined by environment as finding self actualisation
Scientific approach nature or nurture? Explain
Nature
Nature causes everything
Biological approach, reductionism or holism? Explain
Reductionism
Behaviour broken up into biological processes eg. Neurones
Behaviourist approach reductionism or holism? Explain
Reductionism
Breaks behaviour up into stimulus response units
Social learning theory reductionism or holism? Explain
Reductionism
Breaks behaviour up into handful of key processes and how they interact.
Cognative approach reductionism or holism? Explain
Reductionism
Presents people as information processing systems
Psychodynamic approach reductionist or holism? Explain
Reductionism
Reduces behaviour to sexual drives
Humanistic approach reductionism or holism? Explain
Holism
Investigates all aspects of an individual
Scientific reductionist or holistic? Explain
Reductionist eg. Chemistry and physics
Biological approach idiographic or nomothetic? Explain
Nomothetic
Explaining disorders eg. OCD pinpoint biological factors
Behaviourism nomothetic or idiographic? Explain
Nomothetic
Pavlov and skinner conducted research on animals which the results can be generalised to humans
Social learning theory nomothetic or idiographic? Explain
Nomothetic
Laws of behaviour eg. Vicarious reincocement
Cognitive approach nomothetic or idiographic? Explain
Nomothetic
Multistore model which they believed could be generalised
Psychodynamic approach idiographic or nomothetic? Explain
Idiographic
Little hans (case studies) to investigate clients
Nomothetic
Psychosexual stages
Humanistic approach idiographic or nomothetic? Explain
Idiographic
Subjective to experience of humans no laws
Scientific approach nomothetic or idiographic? Explain
Nomothetic
Generalisability
Biological approach
Scientific?
Yes
Uses brain imaging
Behaviourist approach
Scientific?
Yes
Uses lab experiments and animal research
Social learning theory?
Scientific
Both
Uses both methods to experiment on behaviour
Cognative approach?
Scientific
Both
Uses both methods to experiment behaviour
Psychodynamic
Scientific?
No
Cannot test unconscious mind
Humanistic
Scientific?
No
Rejects scientific methods
