Comp Review

Question 1

determined

Answer 1

cells that are fated to develop into a specialized cell type despite changes in environment

Question 2

cells that can change rapidly due to alterations in environment

Answer 2

completely undetermined

Question 3

committed

Answer 3

cells that have some attributes of a particular cell type but can change with environment

Question 4

growth cone behavior is dictated by

Answer 4

cytoskeletal machinery

Question 5

what controls the assembly/disassembly of_____ filaments which control movement of growth cone

Answer 5

actin

rho and rac

Question 6

migration of growth cones

chemotactic factors

Answer 6

released by neighboring cells, attractive or repulsive

attractant - netrin,
repellant - slit, semaphorin

Question 7

neurotrophic factor

Answer 7

forms synapse with target cell

if doesn’t happen cell dies

Question 8

docking and fusing for vesicular trafficking

Answer 8

RAB grabs and directs vesicle

Snare mediates fusion with membrane

Question 9

sorting signal of lysosomes

Answer 9

mannose-6-phosphate

Question 10

3 types chromatography

Answer 10

1. ion exchange - charge
2. gel-filtration - size
3. affinity - enzyme substrate

Question 11

characteristics of stem cells

Answer 11

NOT TERMINALLY DIFFERENTIATED 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
-can divide without limit
-ability to renew themselves
-after division each new cell has ability to stay stem cell or differentiate

Question 12

epidermis is renewed every

Answer 12

month

Question 13

what are the dividing cells of epidermis

Answer 13

basal cells

attached to basal lamina

Question 14

smell ligands bind to

Answer 14

g protein coupled receptor

odorant receptor proteins

Question 15

pluripotency

Answer 15

ability of a cell to give rise to ALL cells of the embyryo and subsequently adult tissues
- embryonic stem cells

Question 16

multipotency

Answer 16

ability of a cell to give rise to different cells types of a GIVEN lineage
- adult stem cells

Question 17

totipotent

Answer 17

zygote stem cells

Question 18

pathway to deliver lysosomes:

Answer 18

phagocytosis
endocytosis
autophagy

Question 19

pH < pKa

Answer 19

protonated

Question 20

pH > pKa

Answer 20

deprotonated

gonna give up that proton

Question 21

pH = pKa

Answer 21

either or protonated or deprotonated

Question 22

proton donor

Answer 22

weak acid

Question 23

conjugate base

Answer 23

proton acceptor

Question 24

reduced

Answer 24

gain of electron

rig

Question 25

oxidized

Answer 25

loss of electron

oil

Question 26

reduced at NADH

Answer 26

oxidized at NAD+

Question 27

REDUCED AT FADH2 oxidized at

Answer 27

FAD

Question 28

allosteric effector

Answer 28

binds at a unique location and alters protein’s function

Question 29

competitive effector

Answer 29

competes with the intended substrate to bind the active site

Question 30

functions variations of a single enzyme

Answer 30

isozyme