Comp Gov Unit 5 Flashcards
ECOWAS
Economic Community of West African States
Supranational
aggression and instability between states, non-peaceful environment and tension between states that hinder economic development
ECOWAS Treaty - mandates cooperation between states, gives protocols on resolving disputes and leaving the organization
EU
supranational
making Europe more climate-friendly
putting forth a stronger economic base in Europe
protecting the rights and freedoms of the European people
enacts legislation and policies between countries
got rid of passport protocols so citizens can freely travel between countries in the union
IMF
International Monetary Fund
international
help to grow all the countries part of it in economy, finance, productivity, and cooperation
countries work together to achieve goals
“the lender of last resort”
gives policy advice to countries
gives financial aid and/or investments to countries
NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement
supranational
expands trade zones between the three countries of North America to help make international trading transactions easier
FREE TRADE
agreements have to be negotiated and signed by all three countries as well as ratified in order for it to be enacted as part of the free trade agreement
UN
supranational
keep up with the world as it changes
oggers a way for countries to come together, discuss problems, and find solutions
each country has one vote in the General Assembly
Court of Justice takes care of tensions and disagreements between nations by taking a legal stance
UN is split into multiple councils that all have their own specific powers to help empower change
WTO
supranational
opening up trade and globalizing it more
keep international trading connections secure and trustworthy so that foreign companies feel safe enough to use them
administers and operates on trading transactions
negotiate agreements and settle possible disputes
World Bank
international
countries share knowledge and technology to help foster a global financial institution
gives out loans and grants to member countries
financial and policy advice to countries
gives technical and technological help to member countries
Scottish Independence Movement
Broad change: Scotland as an independent country free to make its own political, social and economic decisions. EX: applying for European Union membership.
Region and ethnicity
Conventional political participation
traditional social movement; advocates for broad change & continues today.
Dates back to the 1920s; contemporary polls show 40-48% of Scots support independence.
Compromise:
1997 Devolution Referendum paved way for the Scottish regional government
2014 Independence Referendum, 55% of Scots freely voted to stay in the UK
Boko Haram
Broad change: Its main goal is to spread the teachings of the Jihad and to repress western teachings, as they go against Islam.
Religion and region
Unconventional political participation
grassroots social movement;
started off in the northern city of Maiduguri
Founded in 2002 and still active today
Force:
The Nigerian government responded to Boko Haram attacks militarily using violence, with hundreds of Boko Haram supporters and the founder being killed.
MEND
Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta
Narrow change: Its main goal is to get the Nigerian government to redistribute the money it earns from oil to communities in the Niger Delta Region.
Region
Unconventional political participation
grassroots social movement;
Movement originated within Niger Delta region where militants fight against government corruption and economic disparities
Recent twin bombs in the capital of Abuja
Force:
The Nigerian government has responded to MEND attacks by arresting connected members and has claimed that they have crushed the group.
MOSOP
Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People
Narrow change: The Ogoni people of southeast Nigeria (Niger Delta) deserve social/economic justice for Shell’s environmental corruption and human rights abuses.
Region and ethnicity
Unconventional political participation
grassroots social movement; The social movement is rooted within the indigenous Ogoni community of the Niger Delta.
A dozen years later, a lawsuit was filed to hold Shell accountable.
Negotiation:
The movement’s actions led to some successes as Nigeria’s government did reduce Nigeria’s oil production. However, the movement still actively and widely exists today.
zapatistas
in Chiapas, Mexico
Broad change: Its main goal has to do with ending social injustice, fighting against corruption, and giving indigenous communities more autonomy.
Ethnicity and class
Unconventional political participation
grassroots social movement; social issue originated from a local level (within indigenous community in Mexico)
Fight for social autonomy continues today within Chiapas and alongside other indigenous groups
Force:
The Mexican military responded violently until a peace agreement was reached.
anti-gay laws
Russia
Broad change: Putin passed many laws that press homophobia and concepts of anti-gayness through many ways and there have been protests to reverse the laws in place.
Region
Unconventional political participation
traditional social movement: the government of Russia is still imposes anti-gay laws and legislation. The problem still occurs today, however, the actual protests have decreased since the past due to the existence of the war with Ukraine and an increase in censorship.
Force:
Russian police arrest protestors who go against the laws and try to suppress these voices.
Green Movement
Iran
Narrow change: the Green Movement’s main goals are for Iran to put past its days as an Islamic Republic and an authoritarian government, and move forwards as a democracy.
Region
Unconventional political participation
No, this is a political movement. It also isn’t broad. It lost its power when its leaders were in fact part of the Islamic Republic and wanted to simply makes things a little friendlier, which countered the people of the Green Movement wanting to completely get rid of the Islamic Republic. However, it still barely exists today.
Force:
The Iranian army and soldiers would perform violence on protestors and fight back to them.
Wukan Protests
China
Narrow change: people in Wukan protested specifically for the release of the activist Lin Zuluan who spoke out for free elections and against land seizures.
Region
Unconventional political participation
No, because it is not pushing for broad change. They were in the past and don’t exist anymore because they took place in 2011 against corrupution and then again in 2016 when Lin Zuluan was arrested.
Force:
Chinese authorities have arrested and threatened to arrest protestors and people who speak out against the government and its actions, which has played a big role as to why the protests are now overall suppressed.
