Community Organization And Health Programs In The Philippines Flashcards
It includes programs and activities directed at community level and will benefit everyone or individuals who are NOT CURRENTLY UNDER THE CARE OF PHYSICIAN.
Public Health
Includes programs and activities directed at individuals who ARE CURRENTLY UNDER THE CARE OF PHYSICIAN who evaluates them for high-risk factors that can cause disease, educate them about good habits and screens them for appropriate conditions.
Risk Factor Evaluation
Two broad areas of preventive medicine
Public Health and Risk Factor Evaluation
A status of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity regarded as person’s physical and psychological capacity to establish and maintain balance.
Heath
Three aspects of health
Physical, Mental, and Social Health
Refers to condition which enables a person to maintain a strong and healthy body.
Physical Health
Refers to how a person thinks of himself, control his emotions and adjust to environment.
Mental Health
The first two ways a person feels, think and act towards everybody around him.
Social Health
It is an expression of the success or failure of a person to respond adaptively to environmental challenges
Health or Disease
Successful defense of the host against forces landing to distrub body equilibrium.
Health
Failure of the body defense mechanism to cope with forces tending to disturb body equilibrium.
Disease
Higher income and social status are linked to better health
Income and social status
Low education levels are linked with poor health, more stress and lower self-confidence
Education
Safe water and clean air, healthy workplace, safe houses, all contribute to good health
Physical environment
People in employment are healthier, particularly those who have more control over their working conditions
Employment and working conditions
Greater support from families, friends and communities is linked to a better health
Social support networks
Customs, traditions and beliefs of the family and community all affect the health
Culture
Inheritance plays a part in determining lifespan, healthiness and the likelihood of developing certain illness
Genetics
Balanced eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking, and how to deal with life’s stresses and challenges all affect health
Personal behavior and coping skills
Access and use of services that prevent and treat disease influence health
Health services
Men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages
Gender
These are ________ of Health:
- Income and social status
- Education
- Physical environment
- Employment and working conditions
- Social support networks
- Culture
- Genetics
- Personal behavior and coping skills
- Health services
- Gender
Determinants of health
WHO defines ______ as essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford at every stage of development.
PHC or Primary Health Care
- Environmental sanitation
- Control of communicable disease
- Immunization
- Health Education
- Family Planning
- Adequate Food and Proper Nutrition
- Provision of Medical Care and Emergency Treatment
- Treatment of Locally Endemic Diseases
- Provision of Essential Drugs
Elements/Components of PHC
- Active community participation
- Intra and inter-sectoral linkages
- Use of appropriate technology
- Support mechanism made available
Four Cornerstones/Pillars in PHC
It is health care provided by center physicians, public health nurse, rural midwives, barangay health workers, traditional healers
Primary Level of Care
- Given by physicians with basic health training.
- It is usually given in health facilities
privately owned or government operated
Secondary level of care
- Is rendered by specialist in health facilities
including medical centers as well as regional and provincial hospitals and specialized hospitals. - Complicated cases and intensive care requires tertiary care and all these can be provided by the tertiary care facility
Tertiary level of care
Working together to help people help themselves, not merely to survive but also achieve the maximum potential.
Concept of Community Health
- Survival of man
- Prevention of condition which lead to
destruction or retardation of human function
and potential in the years of life - Achievement of human potential and prevention of the loss of productivity of young adults and those on the middle period of life
- Improvement of the quality of life, especially in the later years
Four priorities in Public Health
● Rural Health Unit (RHU) and their sub-centers
● Chest clinics, Malaria Eradication Units and
Schistosomiasis Control Unit
● Tuberculosis clinics and Hospitals of the PTBs
● Private Clinics
● Clinics run by PMA
● Community Hospitals and Health services Centers
run by Philippine Medical Care Commission
(PMCC)
● Voluntary Health Facilities run by religious and
civic groups.
HEALTH RESOURCES
- Government
- Mixed Sectors
- Private Sectors
Three divisions of Health Care
Delivery System
The primary government agency in the field of health runs the bulk of the government health facilities is the Department of Health
Government
The program shall remain focus on addressing the following health concerns regardless of their sex, race and socioeconomic background Growth and Development concerns, Nutrition, Physical, Mental and emotional status Reproductive health Sexuality , Reproductive Tract infection (STD, HIV/AIDS) Responsible parenthood, Maternal and Child health,
Communicable diseases, Diarrhea, DHF, Measles Malaria, Mental Health Substance use and abuse Intentional /non-intentional injuries Disability
Adolescent and Youth Health and Development Program (AYHDP)
Ensure that all adolescent and youth have access to quality health care services in an adolescent and youth friendly environment
Mission of Adolescent and Youth Health and Development Program (AYHDP)
Refers to a drug outlet manage by a legitimate community organization (CO/non-government Organization (NGO) and/or Local Government Unit (LGU), with a trained operator and a supervising pharmacist specifically established in accordance with Administrative Order No. 144 s. 2004.
Botika ng Barangay
- The Mother and Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative is the main strategy to transform all hospitals with maternity and new born
services into facilities which fully protect, promote, support breast feeding and rooming-in practices - To sustain this initiative, the field health personnel has to provide antenatal assistance and breastfeeding counseling to pregnant and
lactating mothers as well as to the breastfeeding support groups in the community; there should also be continuous orientation and re-orientation/updates to newly hired and old personnel, respectively,
in support of this initiative.
Promotion of Breast-feeding program/
Mother and Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative
(MBFHI)
- The Philippines Cancer Control Program,
begun in 1988, is an integrated approach utilizing primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in different regions of the country at both hospital and community levels. - Six lead Cancers (lung, breast, liver, cervix, oral cavity, colon and rectum) are discussed.
Cancer Control Program
Diabetes is a serious chronic metabolic disease characterized by an increase in blood sugar levels associated with long term damage and failure or organs functions, especially the eyes, the kidneys, the nerves, the heart and blood vessels.
Diabetes Control Program
Dangerously high level blood sugar leads to these complications:
○ Blindness
○ Kidney failure
○ Stroke
○ Heart attack
○ Wounds that would not heal
○ Impotence
What can you do to control your blood sugar?
- Diet therapy
- Exercise
- Control your weight
- Quit smoking
- Directed towards community-based prevention and control in endemic areas
- Major strategy is advocacy and promotion,
particularly the Four O’clock Habit which was
adopted by most LGUs. - This is a nationwide, continuous and concerted effort to eliminate the breeding places of Aedes aegypti.
- Other initiatives are dissemination of IEC
materials and tri-media coverage
Dengue Control Program
- Aims to improve the quality of life of the people through the attainment of the highest
possible oral health. - Its objective is to prevent and control dental
diseases and conditions like dental carries
and periodontal diseases thus reducing their
prevalence. - To attain orally fit children, the program
focuses on the following package of activities: oral examination and prophylaxis; sodium fluoride mouth rinsing; supervise tooth brushing drill: fit and fissure sealant application; a-traumatic restorative treatment.
Dental Health Program
- Emerging infectious disease are newly
identified and previously unknown infection
which cause public health problems either
locally or internationally. - These include diseases whose incidence in
humans have increased within the past two
decades or threaten to increase in the near
future
Emerging Disease Control Program
- Is concerned with preventing illness through managing the environment and by changing people’s behavior to reduce exposure to biological and non-biological agents of disease and injury.
- It is concerned primarily with effects of the
environment to the health of the people.
Environmental Health
Reduction of environmental and occupational related diseases, disabilities and deaths through health promotion and mitigation of hazards and risks in the environment and workplaces.
Goals of Environmental Health
- Is one of the DOH programs that has already been institutionalized and adopted by all LGUs in the region.
- Its objective is to reduce infant mortality and
morbidity through decreasing the prevalence of six (6) immunizable diseases (TB, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio and measles)
Expanded program on Immunization
The program is anchored on the following
basic principles:
- Responsible Parenthood which means that
each family has the right and duty to
determine the desired number of children
they might have and when they might have
them - Respect for life
- Birth spacing refers to interval between
pregnancies
Family Planning
The DOH in partnership with LGUs, NGOs, the
private sectors and communities ensures the
availability of FP information and services to men and women who need them
Mission of Family Planning
- Established in 1997 but became fully operational in 1997 but became fully operational in year 2000 with the provision of a budget amounting to PHP 551,000.00
- The program focuses on Cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis A and other food borne emerging diseases (e.g. Paragonimus)
Food and Waterborne Diseases
Prevention and Control Program
A strategy to reduce the number or pool of children at risk of getting measles, or being susceptible to measles and achieve 95% measles circulation in all communities in 2008.
Knock out Tigdas
Envisions eliminating Leprosy as a human disease by 2020 and is committed to eliminate
leprosy as a public health problem by attaining a national prevalence rate (PR) of less than 1 per 10,000 populations by year 2000
Leprosy Control program
● 58 of 80 provinces: malaria endemic
● Population at risk: 12 M
● 22 provinces: maintain malaria-free* status
● 2– 4 outbreaks per year
* malaria-free: absence of indigenous malaria
case
Malaria Control Program
● Universal access to quality health services
Program Objectives:
● General Objectives:
To reduce the Prevalence Rate to <1/1000
population
● Specific Objectives
1. To established the endemicity of municipalities at the end of two years
2. To perform Mass Treatment in established
endemic municipalities for at least four years.
3. To continue surveillance of established endemic areas five years after Mass treatment.
National Filariasis Elimination Program
Mission
- It aims at integrating mental health within the
total health system, initially within the DOH
system, and local health system. - Within the DOH, it has initiated and sustained
the integration process within the hospital and
public health systems, both at the central and
regional level. - Furthermore, it aims at ensuring equity in the
availability, accessibility, appropriateness and
affordability of mental health and psychiatric
services in the country.
National Mental Health Program
A simple procedure to find out if your baby has a congenital metabolic disorder that may lead
to mental retardation and even death if left untreated
Newborn screening
Vision/Mission Statement
● Health for all occupations in partnership with
the workers, employers, local government
authorities and other sectors in promoting
self-sustaining programs and improvement of
workers’ health and working environment.
● Program Objective and Targets: To promote
and protect the health and well being of the
working population thru improved health,
better working conditions and workers’
environment
Occupational Health Program
The Program intends to promote and improve
the quality of life of older persons through
the establishments and provision of basic
health services for older persons, formulation
of policies and guidelines pertaining to older
persons, provision of information and health
education to the public, dedicated to older
person and, the conduct of basic and applied
researches.
Health development Program for Older
Persons
- A Medical scholarship Grant for Indigenous
People, Local Health Workers, Barangay Health
workers, Department of Health employees or
their children. - This is a joint program of the Department of
Health (DOH), Philippine Charity Sweepstakes
Office (PCSO), and several State Universities
and Medical Schools
Pinoy MD Program “Gusto Kong Maging
Doktor”
To eliminate all avoidable blindness by
preventing and controlling diseases through
the development of human resource, infrastructure, and appropriate technology
Prevention of Blindness Program
Eliminate Schistosomiasis as a public health problem (Prevalence of 1% and below)
Schistosomiasis Control Program
DOTS
Directly Observed Treatment Short Course
- In 1196, WHO introduced the Directly
Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) to
ensure completion of treatment - The DOTS strategy depends on five elements
for its success: - Microscope, Medicines, Monitoring, DOT and
Political Commitment - If any of these elements are missing, our
ability to consistency cure TB patients slips
through our fingers.
National TB Control Program
The main Objectives are:
- To promote and encourage voluntary blood
donation by the citizenry and to instill public
consciousness of the principle that blood
donation is a humanitarian act
- To provide, adequate, safe, affordable and
equitable distribution of supply of blood and blood
Republic Act 7719 is otherwise known as
“Blood Services Act of 1994”
PTS
Philippine Tuberculosis Society
PCS
Philippine Cancer Society
PNRC
Philippine National Red Cross
PMHA
Philippine Mental Health Association
PHA
Philippine Heart Association
Funded by general taxation, emphasis on prevention
Socialized Medicine
Law requires people to subscribe to health insurance plan, usually government sponsored; covers only curative and rehabilitative medicine; preventive services provided by government agencies
Compulsory Health insurance
Government only encourages people to subscribe to health insurance
Voluntary Health Insurance
People have to take care of their medical needs
Free Enterprise
