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Community Health Nursing > Community Health Nursing Day 3 > Flashcards

Community Health Nursing Day 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the GOAL of Maternal and Child Health?

A

Goal: to decrease Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)

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2
Q

How many prenatal visits to promote?

A

1 - first trimester
1 - second trimester
2 - third trimester

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3
Q
  • held by DOH

- Quality Assurance Program

A

Sentrong Sigla

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4
Q
  • all pregnant women are considered high risk pregnancy

- concept: address common problem of pregnancy

A

Basic Emergency Obstetrical Care (BEmOC)

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5
Q

Under BEmOC:

  • training for midwives, doctors, and nurses
A

Capability Building

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6
Q

Basic Emergency Obstetrical Care (BEmOC):
Ex:
- hemorrhage is common in pregnancy - give _____ to prevent bleeding
- give ____; for infection
- preeclampsia can lead to convulsion; give _____ such as _____ (antidote: calcium gluconate)

A
  • hemorrhage - give oxytocin
  • infection - give antibiotics
  • preeclampsia - give anticonvulsants like Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4); *antidote: calcium gluconate
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7
Q

Basic Emergency Obstetrical Care (BEmOC):
Ex:
- give steroids, like _____ for pre-term labor and helps with lung maturity
- assisted delivery, also called ______
- manual removal of ____/retained products of conception

A
  • steroids like Betamethasone
  • forceps delivery
  • placenta
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8
Q

What is the advanced form of BEmOC?

What are the two under this?

  • B
  • C
A

Comprehensive Emergency Obstetrical Care (CEmOC) - (advanced)

  • Blood Transfusion
  • Caesarean Section
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9
Q
  • community-based care
  • Unang Yakap
  • evidence-based practice
A

Essential Intrapartal Newborn Care

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10
Q

EINC: Time-bound

What are the 4 priorities intervention?

  1. D
  2. E
  3. D
  4. B
A
  1. D - ry infant immediately; the act of drying will stimulate the baby to cry
  2. E - early skin-to-skin contact; place the baby on mother’s abdomen
  3. D - elayed cord clamping; wait for the pulsations to stop
  4. B - reastfeeding; exclusively for 6 months
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11
Q

What do you call the DOH Program of Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?

A

National Immunization Program (NIP)

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12
Q

What law is also called EPI (Expanded Program on Immunization) Law?

  • all children below 8 years old will received free vaccination
  • Due to vaccination, polio and other diseases were decreased or no cases at all.
A

P.D. 996 (1976), also called EPI Law

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13
Q

What law is called the Mandatory Immunization?

A

R.A. 10152 (2011), also called Mandatory Immunization

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14
Q

R.A. 10152: Mandatory Immunization

  • target: below 5 years old (since prior to this there’s BCG 2)

What are the 5 vaccinations under this Law?

A
  1. Pentavalent (5in1); Diptheria-Pertussis-Tetanus (DPT), Hepatitis B (Hepa B), Haemophilus Influenza B Hib (prevents Meningitis and Pneumonia)
  2. IPV - Inactivated Polio Vaccine; oral and injectable
  3. Rota vaccine; prevents acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and diarrhea
  4. PCV - Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; prevents pneumococcal meningitis/pneumonia
  5. MMR - Measle, Mumps, and Rubella
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15
Q

What are the 5 elements of EPI?

  1. S -
  2. I -
  3. C -
  4. A -
    T. T -
A
  1. S - urveillance
  2. I - nformation Education Communication
  3. C - old chain and logistics management
  4. A - ssessment and Evaluation
    T. T - arget setting
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16
Q

What element of EPI?

  • searching for cases = for evaluation
A

Surveillance

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17
Q

What element of EPI?

  • National Immunization Day = Wednesday
  • vaccine: monthly
  • all vaccines are sensitive to heat
A

IEC - Information Education Communication

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18
Q

What element of EPI?

  • storage and transport of vaccination

What 3 vaccines are most sensitive to heat?
- should be placed in the freezer in what temperature?

A
  • Cold chain and logistics Management

3 vaccines sensitive to heat: Varicella, Oral polio vaccine, MMR
Temp: -15 to -25 Celsius

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19
Q

Element of EPI: Cold chain and logistics Management

What 7 vaccines are least sensitive to heat?
- should be placed in the body of refrigerator in what temperature?

A

7 vaccines least sensitive to heat: BCG, Pentavalent, IPV, Hepa B, Rota, PCV, T.T./T.D. (2in1 - Tetanus and Diptheria)
Temp: +2 to +8 Celsius

20
Q

What element of EPI?

  • Why MMR is to be given late?
A

Assessment and Evaluation

  • because the baby still has the mother’s antibodies that could interfere the effectiveness of the vaccine
21
Q

Element of EPI: Assessment and Evaluation

Pentavalent:
- What are the Side Effects and what medication to give?

  • What are the Adverse Effects and what vaccinations not to give?
A

S/E:

  • fever - give paracetamol every 6 hours for 24 hrs
  • local tenderness - apply cold compress

A/E:
- seizures; pertussis (don’t give Pentavalent 2 and 3)

22
Q

Element of EPI: Assessment and Evaluation

BCG:

  • What kind of attenuated microorganisms in BCG?
  • BCG prevents _____ meningitis
  • What to use in cleaning the site?
  • Is having a scar normal?
  • What are the Side Effects and the Nursing Management/Treatment?
A
  • Live attenuated microorganisms
  • TB (Tuberculous) Meningitis
  • Water; don’t use alcohol coz the bacteria will be killed
  • (+) scar is normal - means that effective vaccination
  • S/E: Abscess (na-na): put Isoniazid/INH powder
    Deep Abscess: Incision and drainage + INH powder
23
Q

Element of EPI: Assessment and Evaluation

OPV:

  • also called _____
  • ___ attenuated vaccine; not allowed to _____
  • __ the tongue
  • What to do if it was spitted?
  • What to do is it was vomited within 30mins or after 30mins?
  • What is the Nursing responsibility after administration?
A
  • also called, “Sabin Vaccine”
  • Live attenuated vaccine; not to immunocompromised
  • ON
  • If spitted: Give another 2gtts (vax has no overdose)
  • If vomited w/in 30mins: the vax is not yet absorbed, so give another dose
  • If vomited after 30mins: the vax is already absorbed, do not give another dose
  • N/R: NPO for 30mins
24
Q

Element of EPI: Assessment and Evaluation

IPV:

  • also called ____
  • _____ vaccine; can give to ______
A
  • also called, “Salk vaccine”

- inactivated vaccine; can give to immunocompromised

25
Q

Element of EPI: Assessment and Evaluation

What vaccine is made of recombinant RNA

A

Hepa B

26
Q

Element of EPI: Assessment and Evaluation

MMR:

  • consists of M___, M____, R____
  • ____ attenuated vaccine
  • should or should not distance the child to pregnant women?
  • What are the Side Effects and the Nursing Responsibilities?
A
  • consists of Measles, Mumps, Rubella
  • live attenuated vaccine
  • SHOULD
  • S/E:
    Fever - give paracetamol every 6 hrs for 24 hrs
    Rashes - keep it dry ( usually seen after few hrs/a day)
27
Q

To remember:

  • Syringes are used ____ ONLY
  • What type of syringe where its plunger locks to prevent reusing?
A
  • used ONE-TIME ONLY

- ADS (Auto Disable Syringe)

28
Q

What element of EPI?

  • primary element
  • solve the eligible population
  • What are the formulas for Eligible Population (Infants, Pregnant)?
A

Target Setting

Formulas:
Infants - Total Population x 2.7%
Pregnant: Total Population x 3.5%

29
Q

Enumerate and Recite:

Vaccines, # of dose, Schedule, Route and Dosage

  1. BCG
  2. Hepa B
  3. Pentavalent
  4. OPV
  5. PCV
  6. Rota Vaccine
  7. IPV
  8. MMR
A
30
Q

What is the nutrient called that includes CHO and CHON?

A

Macronutrient

31
Q

What is the nutrient called that includes vitamins and minerals?

A

Micronutrient

32
Q

Under Macronutrient:

What form of malnutrition is:

  • (+) CHO
  • (-) CHON (for muscles and fluid balance)

What are its Signs and Symptoms?

A

Kwashiorkor

S/Sx: thin extremities, edema (fluid shifting), full moon-faced, thin brittle hair
= Ascites

33
Q
  • measure the upper arm circumference to identify malnutrition

How many centimeters?

  1. Red - severe malnutrition
  2. Yellow - moderate malnutrition
  3. Green - normal/no malnutrition
A

Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)

Centimeters:

  1. <11.5cm
  2. 11.5 - 12.5cm
  3. > 12.5cm
34
Q

Under Micronutrient,

What law is the Food Fortification Program?

  • foods should be fortified
  • fortified = added ____
A

R.A. 8976

fortified = means added nutrients

35
Q

Under Micronutrient,

What law is the Food Fortification Program?

  • foods should be fortified
  • fortified = added ____

What is the program called which is a strategy in encouraging manufacturers to fortify foods?

  • Salt Iodization
  • Mandatory; rice (iron); flour (iron, vit. A., sugar, cooking oil, and vit. A)
  • Voluntary for processed food

Kailan ang Araw ng Sangkap Pinoy Sealed?

A

R.A. 8976

fortified = means added nutrients

Sangkap Pinoy Sealed

Araw ng Sangkap Pinoy Sealed:
2x/year - Oct. April

36
Q

Vitamin A (Retinol)
For normal: How many should you give?
Infant (6-11months): 100,000 IU
Child (12-60months): 200,000 IU

When should you give?

A

Infant (6-11months): 100,000 IU
Child (12-60months): 200,000 IU

Sched: Today, and 6 months after

37
Q

Vitamin A (Retinol)
For VAD: How many should you give?
Infant (6-11months): 100,000 IU
Child (12-60months): 200,000 IU

When should you give?
What are the S/Sx of a child with VAD (Vitamin A Deficiency)?

A

Infant (6-11months): 100,000 IU
Child (12-60months): 200,000 IU

Sched: Today, tomorrow, and 2 weeks after

S/Sx:

  • dry eye; xerophthalmia
  • Bitot’s spots
  • nightblindness
38
Q

Treatment:

  • disruption in society

What are the two types?

Two types based on Onset:
Acute: within days - weeks
Chronic/Creeping: months - years

A

Disaster

  1. Natural
    Ex: Earthquake, Volcanic eruption
  2. Man-made
    Ex: Terroristic attack
39
Q

What law is the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council?

  • National Government: 2%; LGU: 5%
Principles:
1. It is a responsibility of ACC
2. Disaster Drills - before the impact of the disaster
3. FIRST Priority: \_\_\_\_\_
SECOND Priority: \_\_\_\_\_\_
A

R.A. 10121

First Priority: People
Second Priority: Resources

40
Q
  • it is a responsibility of all

_____: Sanitation Code
_____: Garbage Disposal Act

What are the 4 rights of Food Sanitation?

A

P.D. 856: Sanitation Code
P.D. 825: Garbage Disposal Act

4 rights:

  1. Right source
  2. Right preparation
  3. Right cooking: min. temp = 70 Celsius; dangerous max of 2 hrs
  4. Right storage: Cool = 10 Celcius, Warming = 60 Celcius
41
Q

Approved: Water facility
Level 1: _____; protected well
- developed spring
- not more than 250 meters away from the source

A

Level 1: Point-source; protected well

42
Q

Approved: Water facility
Level 2: _____; stand posts (poso)
- 1: 4-5 household

A

Level 2: Communal Faucet; stand posts

43
Q

Approved: Water facility

Level 3: _____; individual household

A

Level 3: Waterworks System; individual household condition

44
Q

Approved: Faucet facility
Level 1: _____

Ex:
Pit Latrines (doesn't need water)
- small amount water facility
- konting tubig
- poor flush toilet
A

Level 1: non water carriage

45
Q

Approved: Faucet facility
Level 2: _____
- flushed type to septic tank

A

Level 2: Water-sealed

46
Q

Approved: Faucet facility
Level 3: _____
- to treatment plant

A

Level 3: Level 2 + sewerage system

Community Health Nursing (3 decks)

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