Community Health Nursing - Day 1 Flashcards
Where do CHN works?
outside the hospital
Ex: school nurse
What is the GOAL of CHN?
- to achieve the optimum level of functioning (OLOF)/high level wellness of the client
What are the two main focus of CHN if the clients are healthy?
- Health promotion
2. Illness prevention
one of the main focus of CHN:
- increase level of health
- HEALTHY becomes HEALTHIER
- help to achieve OLOF and change to healthy lifestyle
Health promotion
“D” of Health promotion
What are its 3 Nutrition Guidelines?
A
B
C
D-iet (well-balanced diet); “you are what you eat”
Nutrition Guidelines: A - im ideal body weight (IBW) thru body mass index (BMI); Formula: wt(kg)/ht(m)2 Asia Pacific Obesity Guidelines (APOG) - Normal BMI = 18-23 - Overweight = 23-25 - Obese = > 30
B - uild a healthy nutrition practices
- eat on time
C - hoose food wisely
“E” of Health promotion
What are the two types of its intensity?
Exercise
Type:
- Cumulative - 10 mins morning, afternoon, night = 30mins/day
*Do not ask how many times, instead ask how’s the intensity
Intensity:
1. Moderate - almost everyday (Ex. jogging, biking)
2. Vigorous - 3x/week (Ex: biking on the hills)
*Aerobic exercise - promotes circulation
“R” of Health promotion
What are the its two types?
R - est
- Stress management
- Sleep
- Adults: 6-8 hrs/day
“S” of Health promotion
What are the chemicals of cigarettes?
What are the 2 ways to quit smoking?
S - top/Avoid smoking
Chemicals of cigarettes:
a. Nicotine - addictive
b. Carbon monoxide - interferes oxygenation = Hypoxia (mabilis mapagod)
c. Tar - paralyzes the cilia of the lungs = respiratory infection
2 ways to quit smoking 1. Education - 4A's - Ask, Advise, Assist, Arrange 2. Legislation RA 9211 (2022) = Tobacco Regulations Act - not allowed in public places - not allowed to advertise - not allowed to sell (within 100m) of school premise
one of the main focus of CHN:
- maintain health
- HEALTHY becomes HEALTHY
- specific
- protection
Illness prevention
What is the Vision of DOH?
Vision: 1. Filipinos will be the healthiest in the Southeast Asia (2022) - based on life expectancy Life expectancy: - HK: 85 y.o. - Singapore: 83.8 y.o - Filipinos: 71 y.o (2019)
- Filipinos will be the healthiest in Asia by 2040
What is the Mission of DOH?
Mission: - develop "PREP" health system P - roductive R - esilient E - quitable P - eople-centered
What are the 3 functions of DOH?
E.O. 102 (Executive Order?) 1. L - eadership in health: Policies 2. E - nabler and capacity builder - creates new strategies and trainings for health Ex. Unang Yakap 3. Administrative function: - manages tertiary a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary - handled by DOH, including ER services
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
- basic health care services/simple cases
- Who handles this?
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
Primary
Mayor
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
What are the two under Primary?
- Barangay Health Station (BHS)
- manned by public health midwife (PHM)
- satellite station
*if hindi kaya icure, proceed to
2. Rural Health Unit/Health Center
- main primary center
- complete health care team
Ex: nurses, doctors
What are the roles of these complete healthcare team in RHU/Health Center?
- Public Health Midwife (PHM)
- Public Health Nurse (PHN)
- Rural Health Physician (RHP)/ Health Officer
- Sanitary Inspector
- Medtech
- Dentist
- Public Health Midwife (PHM) - frontline (tumatanggap ng pts)
- Public Health Nurse (PHN) - supervisor/coach (oversee the activities)
- Rural Health Physician (RHP)/ Health Officer - manager (responsible for overall activities inside the center)
- Sanitary Inspector - environmental sanitation; Ex: sanitary permit (health center)
- Medtech - laboratory
- Dentist - dental health program
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
- common lab. and medical procedures
- who handles this?
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
Secondary
Governor
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
What are the two under Secondary?
- District Hospital/ER hospital
2. Provincial Hospital
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
- advanced
- who handles this?
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
Tertiary
DOH
Philippine Healthcare Delivery System:
What are the two under Tertiary?
- Regional Hospital/Medical Center
Ex: Asian Hospital and Medical Center - National Hospital/National Medical Center/Specialty Hospital
Ex: PGH, Lung/Heart Center
What is the Law called Local Government Code?
these two means transfer of power:
- Decentralization
- Devolution
R.A. 7160
- Before 7160, the DOH both formulates and implements
- In R.A. 7160, there’s sharing
- DOH: formulates programs
- LGU: implements
In provincial government,
1. Who is the Chairman/Local Chief Executive - responsible for SECONDARY facilities
- Who is the Vice-Chairman?
In provincial government,
- GOVERNOR
- Provincial Health Officer
In municipal government,
1. Who is the Chairman/Local Chief Executive - responsible for PRIMARY facilities
- Who is the Vice-Chairman?
In municipal government,
- MAYOR
- Municipal health officer (MHO)/City health officer (CHO)
*Municipal health office = for recommendation
Give the 3 Vice-Chairman
- MHO
- CHO
- PHO (Provincial health officer)
Who are the 4 clients in CHN?
- I - ndividual
Ex: masakit tiyan, pumuntang health center mag-isa - F - amily - basic unit of service
Ex: home visit
Ex: nurses can teach parents about sex educ; parents teaches children - G - roup - people who share same characteristics
Ex: pregnant, seniors, pwd
Purpose: maximize health teaching - C - ommunity - primary client/whole clients
Ex: matutulungan lahat
- concept stated by WHO on 1978
Primary Health Care
vs. Ottawa Charter (1986) - health promotion; Canada Ex: An apple a day keeps the doctor away
Additional notes:
Alma Ata Conference by USSR; happened in Kazakhstan
- LOI 949 (accepted by Ph) - legal basis of primary healthcare (PHC)
- signed on Oct. 1979. by Pres. Ferdinand Marcos
What is the Vision of the Primary Health Care?
Vision:
health in the hands of the people
Goal: Self-reliance
Ex: in the future, kaya na nila
What is the Mission of the Primary Health Care?
Mission:
to increase opportunity so that people will manage their own healthcare
What are the two core principles of the Primary Health Care?
- P - artnership (with the people)
- ACTIVE partnership - E - mpowerment
Ex: When our knolwedge is passed to them, they will feel empowered
*Empowerment is the key to Self-reliance
What is the first pillar of the Primary Health Care?
*most important
A - ctive community participation
Ex: sino ang pipitas, magpapakulo and papatay ng boiled herbal = client
-clients presence and observation make them feel empowered
What is the second pillar of the Primary Health Care?
What are its difference?
I - ntra and Inter sectoral linkages
Intra - WITHIN the healthcare delivery system
Ex: Galing HC, pinapuntang (secondary?)
this means = two-way referral system; from primary to secondary to tertiary then from tertiary to secondary to primary to home
Inter - OUTSIDE the healthcare delivery system
a. Non-government Organization (NGO)
Ex: PhilHealth, DOH, Foundations
b. Government Organization (GO)
Ex: DEPED, DSWD, DPWH, TESDA, DFA, DOLE
What is the third pillar of the Primary Health Care?
U - se of appropriate technology
- local indigenous resources
Ex: Board exam question
A poor family has 5 children with Risk for Kwashiorkor (lack of protein), what is the appropriate food should you teach to the mother to prepare?
A. green leafy vegetables - no protein
B. beef and ampalaya - too pricey
C. Tofu - good source of protein, not pricey
D. Puto
What is the fourth pillar of the Primary Health Care?
S - upport mechanism made available
- support from government is needed
