Community health nursing Flashcards
NZ Health Care Strategy 2016 includes what concepts
- people powered
- closer to home
- value and high performence
- one team
- smart system
What are the social determinants of health
conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age .
What is the ottowa charter and the 3 foundations
conference on health promotion including the prerequisites of health
- advocate
-Enable
-mediate
Chicken pox
- Signs and symptoms
- treatment
- transmission
- Viral infection causing itchy, blister-like rash on the skin, fever and spots with blisters
- has an incubation period of 10–21 days and is contagious 1-2 days prior and 1 week from appearance - no treatment; may be reactivated as shingles
- contact and droplet transmission with weeping blisters
Hand, foot and mouth disease
- Signs and symptoms
- treatment
- transmission
- a mild viral illness that causes fluid-filled blisters, fever and flu-like symptoms and rash on soles palms and in mouth
- no treatments
- incubation 3-5 days, contagious until blisters have dried
Head lice
Signs and symptoms
- treatment
- transmission
- itchy scalp, occasional scalp infection
- contact transmission
- contagious until no lice are present
Measles
Signs and symptoms
- treatment
- transmission
- runny nose, cough and fever followed by rash
- immunisation to prevent
- airborne and contact, contagious 4 days before rash and 5 days after
severe complications
Rubella (german measles)
Signs and symptoms
- treatment
- transmission
- fever, swollen glands and rash on face scalp and body
- immunisation schedule
- airborne and contact, contagious 7 days before symptoms appear and 7 days after appearance of rash
Strep throat
Signs and symptoms
- treatment
- transmission
- headache, vommiting, sore throat
2,. antibiootics - droplet, intubation 1-3 days, and 24 hours after antibiotics
Meningicocal meningitis
Signs and symptoms
- treatment
- transmission
- fever, headache, vomiting, neck stiffness, non-blanching skin rash
- Anitbiotics
- contagious during intubation 7-14 dyas after onset of symptoms
What is a vaccine and how does it work
contains a dead or weakened form of an antigen which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies
- if infection in the future occurs, the immune system is able to fight off and protect against the antigen
What is community/herd immunity
approximately 95% of people in a community are immunised which prevents the infection from circulating the community and protects those who aren’t immunised
immunisation schedule: pregnancy
- TDaP
- Influenza
immunisation schedule: 6 Wks
- Rotarix
- DTaP- Hep B
-PCV10
immunisation schedule: 3 months
Rotoarix
DTaP-IPV-Hep B
-PCV10
immunisation schedule: 5 months
DTaP-IPV-Hep B
-PCV10
immunisation schedule: 15 months
Hiberix
MMR
PCV10
Varicella
immunisation schedule: 4 years
DTaP-IPV
MMR
immunisation schedule: 11+12 yrs
TDaP
HPV
immunsation schedule: 45 yrs
Td injection (ADT booster)
Immunisation schedule: 65 years
TD injection (ADT booster)
Influenza
How are STIs transmitted
unprotected vaginal, oral or anal sex or skin to skin contact with someone
Chlamidya
- transmission
- signs and symptoms
- sexual contact, babys can contract during birth
- vaginal/ penis discharge, bleeding between periods, lower abdo pain, pain during urination
treated with abx
HPV and genital warts
- transmission
- signs and symptoms
- close skin to skin contact, during sex
- small skin cloured lumps that may be itchy
self limiting and will clear
Genital herpes
- signs and symptoms
-treatment
- close skin to skin contact with someone who has the virus,
painful blisters, ulcers or sores - treated with anti-herpes medication
gonorrhea
- signs and symptoms
– treatement
- unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sex can also be spread from mother to baby during birth
- a combo of anitbiotics due to resitant bacteria
Reasons to get STI tested
If you are beginning a new sexual relationship -If you have had unprotected sex -If you have any symptoms or think you may have an STI-Routine sexual health check -If a condom broke -If you are pregnant
How many doctors need to agree forabortion to be legal
two
can a woman under the age of 16 consent to abortion without parental input
yes, with two agreeing doctors
Upto how many weeks gestation is the EMA (early medical abortion) available?
9 weeks with a 97-99% success rate
At how many week gestation is a surgical abortion available til
upto 12 weeks and 6 days gestation
cervical screening is required for people with a cervix from what age
25
