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Russia > Communist Gvmnt Donners > Flashcards

Communist Gvmnt Donners Flashcards

1
Q

Civil War years

A

~ 1918-1921 ~

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2
Q

Why the Reds won

A

~ superior organisation
~ policy (WC)
~ public support ( due to Land decree etc)

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3
Q

War Communism

A

~ forced grain req by 150k Bolshevik volunteers
~ June 1918 to March 1921
~ nationalisation of industry

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4
Q

Political result of Civil War

A

Highly centralised state

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5
Q

10th Party Congress

A

~ result of the civil war
~ red terror
~ ban on factions
~ Kronstadt and Tambov proved Bolsheviks didn’t have secure power

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6
Q

Party Growth 1917-1921

A

300,000-730,000

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7
Q

Structure of state

A

~ headed by Sovnarkom (made decisions)

~ Congress of Soviet’s ( supposed to be body of elected representatives but really rubber stamp)

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8
Q

Structure of Party

A

~ headed by Politburo ➡️ central committee (all of their power went to politburo in 1919) ➡️Party Congress (declining influence after 1921)
~ Party mirrored state though party made most decisions and was dominated by the politburo
~ Lenin didn’t clearly define the relationship party and state
~ based on democratic centralism (illusion of democracy while ruling top down)

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9
Q

Nomenklatura System

A

1921
Led to growth of gvmnt bureaucracy
Party positions now reliant on approval from party leadership (membership 1924 1mill)

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10
Q

Soviet constitution

A

1824

Confirmed power of party

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11
Q

Lenin’s leading roles

A

State ~ Chairman of Sovnarkom

Party ~ Politburo member

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12
Q

Growing centralisation of power

A

~ discussion of policy allowed but Lenin used influence eg threatening to resign, to direct decisions
~ nomenklatura
~ Lenin’s power in state and party
~ soviet constitution

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13
Q

Dealing with opposition

A

~ Lenin dissolved Constituent Assembly when Bolsh gain 175 seats and SRs 410
~ Bourgeoisie couldn’t vote
~ banning of factions

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14
Q

Constituent Assembly results

A

Bolsheviks 175 seats

Socialist Revolutionaries 410

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15
Q

Cheka formed

A

December 1917

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16
Q

/ of Party purged under Lenin

A

1/3

17
Q

Stalin becomes general secretar

A

1922

18
Q

Lenin enrolment

A

1923-5
To enrol more proletariats into the party and encourage activity
Over 500,000 recruited

19
Q

Lenin enrolment purpose

A

Created a generation of members who owed their positions to Stalin, increasing his power base

20
Q

Chistka

A

1932-35
Supported and enforced 1st FYP (collectivisation)
22% of party purged (non violently)

21
Q

Great Purge

A

Catalysed by Kirov’s murder (1934)
Removed large sections of the party
Stalin set quotas

22
Q

Show trials

A 
Trial of the 16 
Included Zinoviev and Kamenev
Intimidation tactic
Enforced conformity 
Created climate of fear
23
Q

Red army purged

A

14/16 army commanders and all mazy admirals

24
Q

Secret police purged

A

Yagoda removed

3,000 members purged by Yezhov in his first 6 months

25
Q

Soviet Constitution

A

1936
Right to vote and civil rights given
Appeared democratic but only party members could stand for election

26
Q

Beria arrested and executed

A

June 1953

27
Q

Khrushchev first secretary

A

September 1953

Placed allies in presidium, CC now had more power

28
Q

Khrushchev’s speech denouncing Stalin

A

20th party congress

29
Q

Attempt to remove Khrushchev

A

1957

CC voted against it

30
Q

Khrushchev Primeminister

A

1958

31
Q

3 reforms under Khrushchev

A

I) major purge of local secretaries
II) divides party into industry and agriculture
III) 3yr limit on party positions

32
Q

Khrushchev sacked

A

1964

Allowed to retire

33
Q

Party membership 1053-1980

A

6.9m - 17m

34
Q

Corruption prospered under …

A

Brezhnev

Russia (15 decks)

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