communications of anatomy

Question 1

thumb back to position after opposition with digits

Answer 1

reposition

Question 2

what is anatomical position?

Answer 2

• toes pointing anteriorly
• standing
• face forwards anteriorly]
• face & eyes anteriorly
• upper limbs by side
• palms of hands facing anteriorly
• feet together

Question 3

what is patient lying down face up?

Answer 3

patient supine

Question 4

what is patient lying down face down?

Answer 4

patient prone

Question 5

why have anatomical position?

Answer 5

to standardise way you talk about patients so less confusion

Question 6

what is sagittal plane?

Answer 6

cut vertically down body splitting left & right
(median sagittal plane = exactly in middle)

Question 7

what is coronal plane?

Answer 7

cut vertically splitting front & back

Question 8

what is axial/transverse plane?

Answer 8

horizontal split through body

Question 9

what is anterior & posterior?

Answer 9

anterior = front
posterior = back

Question 10

what is superior and inferior?

Answer 10

superior = front
inferior = back

Question 11

what cranial and caudal?

Answer 11

cranial = same as superior
caudal = same as inferior

Question 12

what is medial and lateral?

Answer 12

medial = nearer to midline plane
lateral = further from midline plane

Question 13

what is proximal and distal?

Answer 13

proximal = nearer to attachment of limb to body
distal = further from attachment of limb to body

Question 14

what is superficial and deep?

Answer 14

superficial = nearer to surface
deep = further from surface of body

Question 15

what is external and internal?

Answer 15

external = further from centre
internal = closer to centre

Question 16

what are dorsal surfaces?

Answer 16

posterior surface of wrist
posterior surface of hand
superior surface of tongue
superior surface of foot

Question 17

what is anterior of wrist?

Answer 17

volar

Question 18

what is anterior of hand?

Answer 18

palm

Question 19

what is inferior surface of tongue?

Answer 19

ventral

Question 20

what is inferior of foot?

Answer 20

plantar

Question 21

what is major and minor?

Answer 21

major = bigger
minor = smaller

Question 22

what is unilateral?

Answer 22

normally found on 1 side of body

Question 23

what is bilateral?

Answer 23

normally paired structures (R&L)

Question 24

what is ipsilateral?

Answer 24

structure lies on SAME side of body as other structure

Question 25

what is contralateral?

Answer 25

structure lies on OPPOSITE side of body to other structure

Question 26

what is flexion and extension?

Answer 26

flexion = decreasing angle between angles extension = increasing angle between bones at joint

Question 27

what are all anterior movements at joints superior to knee joint?

Answer 27

flexions

Question 28

what are all anterior movements inferior to knee joint?

Answer 28

extensions

Question 29

what is abduction and adduction?

Answer 29

abduction = movement away from medial plane adduction = movement toward medial plane

Question 30

what is internal/median rotation and external/lateral rotation?

Answer 30

internal/medial rotation = rotates towards midline external/lateral rotation = rotates away from midline

Question 31

what is circumduction?

Answer 31

circular movement at joint

Question 32

what is eversion and inversion of foot?

Answer 32

eversion = foot rotates away from medial plane inversion = foot rotates towards medial plane

Question 33

what is dorsiflexion and plantarflexion?

Answer 33

dorsiflexion = upward flexion of foot plantar-flexion = downward movement of foot

Question 34

what is pronation and supination?

Answer 34

pronation = palms rotated from anatomical position to posteriorly supination = palms rotated back to anatomical position

Question 35

what is lateral flexion?

Answer 35

body move from side to side

Question 36

what is elevation and depression?

Answer 36

elevation = lifting of shoulders depression = downward of shoulders

Question 37

what is protrusion and retrusion?

Answer 37

protrusion = outward movement of jaw retrusion = inward movement of jaw

Question 38

what is abduction and adduction of thumbs?

Answer 38

abduction = taking thumb anteriorly away from palm adduction = adding thumb back after abduction

Question 39

what is extension and flexion of thumb?

Answer 39

extension = thumb laterally away flexion = thumb across palm

Question 40

what is opposition and reposition of thumb?

Answer 40

opposition = thumb touching to digits reposition = thumb back to position after opposition with digits