Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ipt > communication systems > Flashcards

communication systems Flashcards

1
Q

communication systems

A

systems enabling users to send and receive data and information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

framework of communicaiton systems (7)

A

message/transmission medium
source/destination
switches and routers
three levels of protocols
transmitter/receiver
users/participants
node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

message/transmission medium

A

data packets and the hardware through which they travel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

source/destination

A

application where the message is created/ends up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

swtiches and routers

A

where addresses are attached and read so that data packets are sent on the most suitable path to get to their destination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

three levels of protocols

A

where packets of data are encoded/decoded to or from a suitable form for transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

transmitter/receiver

A

where signals are generated or received
e.g. MIC or modem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

users/participants

A

people involved in using system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

node

A

each device on a network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

functions which happen as messages are passed between source and destination (8)

A

message creation
organisation of packets at the interface between source and transmitter
signal generation by the transmitter transmission
synchronising the exchange and routing
error detection and correction
security and management
transmission
addressing and routing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

addressing and routing

A

data packets pass through many different and varied links during transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

each communication link

A

has its own protocol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

it is likely that differen data packets from same file will

A

travel on different pathways through journey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

message creation

A

message is compiled at source on preperation for sending
takes place using software application
participant types message into application such as web browser

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

organisation of packets at the interface between source and transmitter

A

as message descend layers of protocoles data packets are wrapped in header and trailer of appropriate protocol
multiple headers and trailers on each packet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

at control level protocols are managed by

A

operating system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

protocols ensure

A

packets reach destination correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

transmitter

A

physical hardware that encodes data onto medium creating signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

transmitters are receivers are contained

A

in same hardware device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hardware is controlled by

A

protocols at transmission level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

signal generation by transmitter transmission

A

done by hardware such as NIC or modem
changes computer’s binary data into seried of physical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how is transmission perfectly synchronised

A

transmitter and receiver use common clock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

synchronous communication transfers

A

large packets of data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

sychronising the exchange and routing

A

transmitter encodes signal as receiver decodes
series of bits included in message and start and embedded between packets
clocks of sender and receiver are working in phase with each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

error detection and correction

A

as messages descend level prior to transmission protocols calculate checksum and crc values and include them within header or trailer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

if error is detected by error check calculator

A

that packet is discarded and replacement packet sent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

error checking methods (3)

A

parity check
checksum
cyclic redundancy check

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

parity check

A

determines whether number of ones and zeroes is odd or even using additional bit called parity bit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

problem with parity bit check

A

if 2 bits are swapped then there can be an error that is not identified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

checksum

A

counts up number of 1s in transmission and adds number as an extra byte into transmission of each packet and is compared at the end of each packets transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

problem with checksum

A

the numbers can be in the wrong places and be called successful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

cyclic redundancy check

A

more accurate than parity checking and checksum
treat message as enormous binary number and divide by a fixed binary number
upon receival divide it again and compare remainders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

security and management

A

many protocols restrict messages based on usernames and passwords and others encrypt messages during transmission
some messages are ptotected by need for password
other messages use a secure protocol (https) that encrypts data being sent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

transmission

A

occurs as signal travel trhough medium
each bit or pattern of bits moves from sender to receiver as a particular waveform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

protocol

A

formal set of rules and procedures that must be observed for two devices to transfer data efficiently and successfully

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

seven-layer model for open ysstems interconnection

A

international standards organisation developed a set of standard for transfer of data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

open systems interconnection model layers

A

caps - ipt levels
APPLICATION
application
presentaiton
COMMUNICAITON AND CONTROL
session
transport
network
TRANSMISSION
data link
physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

handshaking

A

process of negotiatinf and establishing rules of communication between two or more devices
before devices communicate they handshake to agree on protocol that will be used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

why is handshaking important

A

different types of computers and devices can communicate effectively with each other over different types of transmission media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

handshaking includes (3)

A

format od data packets or frames to be transferred
error checking methods used
speed of data transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

functions performed by protocols at different levels

A

protocols in eahc layer will rpocess message and pass it onto the next layer in the stack
at receiving end processes occur in reverse order so that receiver can understand message

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

intelligent agents

A

programs that run in the background to complete tasks that assist people
also known as daemons or bots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

types of intelligent agents (4)

A

autonomous
proactive
responsive
adaptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

autonoumous intelligent agents

A

operate independetly without constant guidance form users
make decisions to determine how to solve problesm and solve them on their own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

proactive intelligent agents

A

intelligent agents do not wait to be told, rather they act and often make suggestions to the user

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

responsive intelligent agents

A

intelligent agents recognise changes in their environment that indicate changes in user needs and they alter their behaviour accordingly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

adaptive intelligent agents

A

change their behaviour or learn new behaviour over time to account for changing user preferences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

examples of intelligent agents

A

monitoring website changes
enhancing reuslts returned by search engines
finding best prices and products
checking documents for plagerism
air traffic control systems
medical monitoring systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

olap

A

online analytical processing
technique for providing business decision makers with statistical evidence
used with data mining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

oltp

A

online transaction processing
databases allow transactions to be processed immediately by remote users

51
Q

server

A

provide specific processing services for clients

52
Q

advantage of client-server model

A

many different users can have access to up-to-date data and can access it from many different computers

53
Q

disadvantage of client-derver model

A

clients may not have remote access to the server and will need to carry allf iels onto local hard drive

54
Q

client-server model

A

agreed protocol between client and server
they work and process independently but agree on how things are done

55
Q

clients

A

request service, and wat for a response while the server processes this request

56
Q

2 types of computers present on network

A

client
server

57
Q

each server

A

provides service to multiple clients

58
Q

client-serber processing

A

a form of distributed processing
ifferent computers are used to perform the specific information processe snecessary to acviene the system’s purpose

59
Q

client-server processing occurs

A

sequentially
client is processing or server is processing but not at the same time

60
Q

client applications

A

privde user interface and therefore they manage all interactions with end-users

61
Q

examples of servers

A

database servers
network servers
web servers
print servers
file servers

62
Q

network servers

A

control authentication of users to ensure security

63
Q

virtual server

A

able to be used for different taks and processes depending on the needs of the network

64
Q

server may be dedicated service

A

it has been assigned a role such as file server and that is the only thing it is able ot do

65
Q

thin client

A

only perform basic processing tasks such as receivng data displaying it on the screen and also transmitting input back to server

66
Q

thick clients

A

has a large amount of software and can perform its own processing as required

67
Q

voice over internet protocol

A

technology that allows you to make voice calls using broadband internet connection instead of an analog phone line

68
Q

wired transmission (3)

A

twisted pair
coaxial cable
optic fibre

69
Q

twisted pair

A

pairs of insulated copper wires
twisting reduces inference from noise caused by electromagnetic, power or electrical sources
most common and cheapest cable
slower than other cables
only functional over short distances

70
Q

lan

A

local area network
conneect devices over a small physical distance

71
Q

wan

A

wide area network
network that connects devices over large physical distances

72
Q

nic

A

network interface cards
needed for devices to communicate with each other
expansion cards that slot into motherboard and connect to network with cable

73
Q

hub

A

connecting device
connect nodes together into a network

74
Q

simple hubs

A

accept transmission trhough one cable and pass transmission to any devices connected to hub through other cables (broadcats signal)

75
Q

switches

A

signals are switched and transmitted to intended receiver
most hubs have been phased out for switches

76
Q

bridges

A

connect 2 lans that use same communication protocols together
e.g. business spread over multiple floors

77
Q

gateways

A

connects two networks together
can connect networks using different communication protocols
connect lan to internet

78
Q

routers

A

direct traffic on network
direct messages over most efficient path to destination

79
Q

modems

A

used to connect network or individual computer to internet
most are combined with routers

80
Q

coaxial cable

A

thick core of copper wire currounded by insulating material
better shielded form interference than twisted pair
thicker and less flexible than twisted pair
more expensive than twisted pair but faster at transmitting data

81
Q

fibre optic cable

A

made up of thin strandsof glass fibre
most expensive
able to support faster transmission rates over greater distances

82
Q

wireless transmission

A

use atmosphere as a medium to carry electromagnetic waves between models
allow nodes to move freely within coverage area

83
Q

types of wireless transmission

A

microwave
satellite
mobile phone technology
bluetooth
infrared
wireless lans and wifi

84
Q

microwave

A

have to be within line of sight
40 to 50 km of each other
point-to-point terrestiral microwave (towers on the ground that transmit)

85
Q

satellite

A

use microwaves to transmit data

86
Q

mobile phones

A

each entwork is divided into a cell that has its own base station or mobile phone tower

87
Q

bluetooth

A

communication system for stort-range transmission

87
Q

communication protocols (2)

A

application level protocols
transmission level protocols

87
Q

infrared

A

waves occur above microwaves and below visible light
travel in striaght line
short distances

88
Q

types of application level protocols (4)

A

http
smtp
SSL
ftp

89
Q

application level protocols

A

actual data to be transmitted is creted by software application

90
Q

http

A

hypertext transfer protocol
used by web browers to communicate and retrieve web pages from web servers
establish connection with html server

91
Q

smtp

A

simple mail tranfer protocol
used to send and receive emails
allow connection to email server

92
Q

SSL

A

secure sockets layer
used to transmit data securely over internet
used when s is after http
for e-commerce
uses encryption methods and digital certificates

93
Q

transmission level protocols

A

layer that defines how transmission medie is shared
device drivers control physical transmission hardware and determines size of transmitted packets and speed of transfer
perfoms physical transfer

94
Q

types of transmission level protocols (2)

A

ethernet
token ring

95
Q

ethernel

A

built into hardware deivces that transmit and receive data
used for lans
forms frames to contain data packet
synchronises clocks
decides speed of transmission

96
Q

token ring

A

not used often today
receives and transmits data packets to next node on ring network

97
Q

communication control and addressing level

A

where communication with network is stablished and maintained

98
Q

TCP

A

transmission control protocol
error checking and data flow control
ensures messages are actually delivered correctly

99
Q

IP

A

internet protocol
routes data packets over mot efficient pathway for destination
uses IP address

100
Q

types of network topologies (4)

A

star
bus
ring
hybrid

101
Q

network topologies

A

topology of network described way in which modes are connected and also how data is logicall transferred between nodes

102
Q

physical topology

A

actual way devices are connected together

103
Q

logical topology

A

way in which data travels around network

104
Q

bus topology

A

common cable called buss connects all nodes
all nodes receive data transmitted but only node to which it is addressed acccepts and processes data
not suitable for busy networks with many nodes
little cabling
problems when two nodes attempt to send at same time as frames collide

105
Q

backbone

A

line connecting nodes

106
Q

terminator

A

end of topology

107
Q

t-connector

A

connects nodes to backbone

108
Q

media access control

A

bus topology
prevents collisions or deals with collisions after

109
Q

ring topology

A

nodes are connected to a close loop so each station on network is physically occnnected to two other devices
data packets circulate ring in one direction
each node received and transmits

110
Q

disadvantages fo ring topology

A

fault in cable affects whole network
all nodes need to be powered up

111
Q

token ring protocol

A

ring topology
token continuall circulates network

112
Q

star topology

A

nodes are attached to central point (usually switch) via own dedicated cable
most lans use this

113
Q

disadvantages of star topology

A

more cabling
if switch is faulty all nodes are affected

114
Q

hybrid/tree topology

A

combinaiton of bus, star and ring topologies
backbone of optic fibre foring bus or ring
allows for expansion of network

115
Q

mesh topology

A

more than one physical path between nodes
primary topology of internet
excellent fault tolerance

116
Q

wireless network topology

A

wireless access point provides signal to devices on network
devices join network with password

117
Q

computer need to work with

A

digital data

118
Q

ADC

A

analog to digital convertoer
takes samples of analog wave every frantion of a second
meausres strength of signal and produces series of digital numbers to records value

119
Q

DAC

A

digital to analog convertor
average out a series of digital values to produce smoothly marrying waveform

120
Q

network administrators

A

carr out various tasks involved in administration of network hardware and software

121
Q

network administration tasks

A

Adding/removing users
Assigning users to printers
Giving users file access rights
Installation of software and sharing with users
Client installation and protocol assignment
Logon and logoff procedures
Network-based applications

ipt (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions