Communication, Homeostasis, Energy Flashcards
Bowman’s capsule epithelial cells
Podocytes
Blood flows into the glomerulus from the…
Afferent arteriole
Blood flows out of the glomerulus into the…
Efferent arteriole
Hormone controlling osmoregulation
Antidiuretic hormone
Homeostasis controlls:
Body temperature. Blood glucose. Blood pH.
The normal level of blood glucose concentration is…
90mg, 100cm^-3
IAA =
Indoleacetic acid
What is the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) value for glucose?
1
What is the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) value for fatty acids?
0.7
What is the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) value for amino acids?
0.9
What are the (3) respiratory substrates?
Glucose
Fatty acids
Amino acids
What is the equation for the Respiratory Quotient (RQ)?
RA = CO2 produced / O2 consumed
What is the function of carbonic anhydrase?
Carbonic anhydrase catalyses the conversion of:
CO2 + H2O — > carbonic acid + protons + bicarbonate ions
Chemiosmosis is the last stage in both photosynthesis and respiration. What is it?
Electrons flow down the Electron Transport Chain (ETC), releasing energy, used to transport hydrogen ions (H+)(protons) across a membrane, generating an electrochemical gradient. Ions move through ATP synthase, synthesising ATP.
Reminder for Light Dependent Photosynthesis:
Light energy —> chemical energy (ATP + NADPH)
Reminder for Light Independent Photosynthesis (in dark):
Chemical energy (ATP + NADPH) (from light dependent) —> organic substances
Light Dependent Photosynthesis is either Cyclic or Non-Cyclic Phosphorylation. What is the purpose of Non-Clyclic?
Non-Cyclic Phosphorylation produces NADPH and ATP as chemical energy, from light energy, H+ and e-.
What is the purpose of Cyclic Phosphorylation?
To make up the ATP used up in Light Independent Photosynthesis by recycling an e- instead of using it to make NADPH, therefore making more ATP. This is because Light Independent uses up more ATP than NADPH, which builds up.
What is the purpose of Light Independent Photosynthesis — the Calvin Cycle?
This produces: glycerate-3-phosphate (2) which can be used to make fatty acids and some amino acids; 2 triose phosphates which can make a hexose sugar (glucose), which can make carbohydrates; 1 triose phosphate can also make glycerol. These are outside the chloroplast. It also produces. ADP + Pi, & NADP as byproducts.
