Communication and Internet Technologies P3

Question 1

What is a protocol?

Answer 1

A set of rules that define how communication between devices occurs.

Question 2

Why are protocols important?

Answer 2

They allow devices to communicate across different platforms.

Question 3

What is the TCP/IP suite?

Answer 3

A set of communication protocols used for the internet

Question 4

What does TCP do?

Answer 4

Maintains the connection and ensures data delivery between nodes.

Question 5

What does IP do?

Answer 5

Handles addressing and routing of data packets.

Question 6

What are the layers of the TCP/IP model?

Answer 6

Application

Question 7

What is the role of the Application Layer?

Answer 7

Provides user services and formats messages for transmission.

Question 8

What does HTTP/HTTPS do?

Answer 8

Transfer web pages from a server to a client; HTTPS is secure.

Question 9

What is FTP used for?

Answer 9

Transferring files over a network.

Question 10

What are POP3 and IMAP used for?

Answer 10

Receiving emails.

Question 11

What is SMTP used for?

Answer 11

Sending emails.

Question 12

What does the Transport Layer do?

Answer 12

Breaks data into packets

Question 13

How does the Transport Layer handle errors?

Answer 13

By detecting packet loss or corruption and retransmitting.

Question 14

What is the role of the Internet Layer?

Answer 14

Handles transmission using IP addresses and routes packets.

Question 15

What is the purpose of IP addresses in packet transmission?

Answer 15

They identify the sender and receiver networks and devices.

Question 16

What does the Data Link Layer do?

Answer 16

Converts data to signals

Question 17

What is a peer-to-peer network?

Answer 17

A decentralized network where each device can act as both a client and a server.

Question 18

What is BitTorrent?

Answer 18

A protocol that uses peer-to-peer file sharing for distributing files.

Question 19

What is a swarm in BitTorrent?

Answer 19

All connected peers that have all or parts of the file being shared.

Question 20

What is a tracker in BitTorrent?

Answer 20

A server that keeps track of which peers have which file parts.

Question 21

What is a seed in BitTorrent?

Answer 21

A peer that is uploading a file or part of a file.

Question 22

When does a user become a seed?

Answer 22

When they have downloaded even a single piece of the file.

Question 23

What is circuit switching?

Answer 23

A method where a dedicated communication path is established for the entire session.

Question 24

When is circuit switching used?

Answer 24

For real-time applications like voice or video calls.

Question 25

What are the benefits of circuit switching?

Answer 25

Guaranteed order

Question 26

What are the drawbacks of circuit switching?

Answer 26

Less secure

Question 27

What is packet switching?

Answer 27

Breaking data into packets that travel independently through the network.

Question 28

What is in each packet?

Answer 28

A header (source and destination IPs) and a payload.

Question 29

What is the benefit of packet switching?

Answer 29

More efficient

Question 30

What is the drawback of packet switching?

Answer 30

Packets may arrive out of order and need reassembly.

Question 31

What happens if a packet is missing in packet switching?

Answer 31

A retransmission request is sent.

Question 32

What does a router do?

Answer 32

Reads the packet header

Question 33

What layer does circuit switching operate at?

Answer 33

Data Link Layer.

Question 34

What layer does packet switching operate at?

Answer 34

Network Layer.

Question 35

How does bandwidth use differ between circuit and packet switching?

Answer 35

Circuit switching uses full bandwidth; packet switching allows sharing.

Question 36

Which is more secure: circuit or packet switching?

Answer 36

Packet switching