communicable diseases #2: viral diseases Flashcards
how do viruses infect a cell?
they replicate themselves within the cell thousands of times once inside. They replicate their DNA and protein coats. These are then assembled into new virus particles. The host cell or cells then burst and other nearby cells can be infected with the virus.
can viral infections be treated by antibiotics?
no
how does the tobacco mosaic virus infect plants?
It infects the chloroplasts of plant leaves, changes their colour from green to yellow or white in a mosaic pattern. It can also make leaves crinkle or curl up.
This reduces the plant’s ability to photosynthesise and grow properly, which reduces the crop yield for farmer
how is HIV transmitted?
unprotected sexual intercourse, cuts, shared needles
What happens when you have HIV?
you get mild-flu like symptoms
what is AIDS?
HIV can lead to AIDS, which attacks your body’s immune system
is there a cure for HIV/AIDS?
no, but doctors give patients antiviral drugs to help slow the development of AIDS.
what is measles?
Measles is a very infectious viral disease that is often caught by young children.
how is measles transmitted?
It is transmitted through the air in tiny droplets after an infected person sneezes.
what does measles cause?
It causes a fever and skin rash.
how can you prevent measles?
by having a vaccine
what could happen if an adult catches measles?
could cause more serious effects eg infertility
