Communicable Diseases Flashcards
Name the type of pathogens there are
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Protists
What is bacteria cells
Prokaryotic cells (smaller and more simplistic than eukaryotic)
Store dna as a loop of dna or in plasmids
Bacteria can divide quicklyand spread by using toxins
What are viruses
They are NOT cells, but are biological structures made of genetic material surrounded by proteins and lipids
They invade HOST cells so that they can reproduce and spread
They dont have cell organelles, but they can carry DNA and RNA for replication
How does the virus infect the cell
The virus infect the host cell meaning that they will have to breach the cell membrane
The virus then replicates inside the cell over and over again until it bursts
Once bursts ot will pass on to others
What is fungi
Fungal cells are EUKARYOTICS, they are neither plants or animals
They can be unicellular (yeast) or multiellular (mushrooms)
They get their nutrition by breaking down decaying matter
Fungi have chitin cell wall
Give an example of a fungal disease
Rose black spot
How does rose black spot spread
In water or by wind
What can you do to treat rose black spot
Chop off infected leaves or spray with fungicides
The does rose blac spot do to plants
Reduces photosynthesis which means it doesnt grow too well because leaves will drop off
What are protists
They are eukaryotics but most of them are single celled
They are parasites which mean that they live on or in an organism (they need to be binded with an organism to stay alive)
They are transported by vectors (mosquitos)
Give an example of a parasitic protists
Malaria (its a disease but its caused by a protist)
How to reduct protists from spreading
Kill the vector who are helping spread - destroy thier breeding sites or killing it with insectcides
Mosquitos nets for us
Examples of viruses
Measles
HIV
TMV
How is HIV spread
Sexual contact or exchanging fluids such as blood, sharing needles
How can HIV be controlled
Antiretroval drugs - stops reliplicating in the body
