Communicable Diseases

Question 1

What is a communicable disease

Answer 1

A disease that can be passed from one organism to another

Question 2

What are the 3 types of microorganisms

Answer 2

Bacteria, Virus, Fungus

Question 3

How is HIV spread

Answer 3

Exchange of body fluids during sex and infected blood.

Question 4

How do you prevent HIV

Answer 4

Wear a condom and don’t share needles

Question 5

How do you control HIV

Answer 5

Drugs/medicine

Question 6

How is the cold spread

Answer 6

Airborne

Question 7

How do you prevent the flu

Answer 7

Vaccination

Question 8

What does HPV stand for

Answer 8

Human papilloma virus

Question 9

How is HPV spread

Answer 9

Sexual contact

Question 10

How do you prevent HPV

Answer 10

Vaccination (offered to 12-13 year old girls to prevent cervical cancer)

Question 11

How do you spread salmonella

Answer 11

Contaminated food

Question 12

How do you prevent salmonella

Answer 12

Always cook food thoroughly and do not mix cooked and uncooked foods

Question 13

How do you treat salmonella

Answer 13

Antibiotics

Question 14

How is Tuberculosis spread

Answer 14

Airborne

Question 15

How do you treat tuberculosis

Answer 15

Antibiotics

Question 16

How is chlamydia spread

Answer 16

Sexual contact

Question 17

How do you prevent chlamydia

Answer 17

Wear a condom

Question 18

How do you treat chlamydia

Answer 18

Antibiotics

Question 19

How do you spread athletes foot

Answer 19

Contact

Question 20

How do you prevent athletes foot

Answer 20

Avoid contact with spores

Question 21

How do you treat athletes foot

Answer 21

Anti fungal treatment

Question 22

How do you spread potato blight

Answer 22

Spores are spread in the air from plant to plant (especially inhumid,warm conditions)

Question 23

How do prevent potato blight

Answer 23

Crop rotation

Question 24

How do you treat potato blight

Answer 24

Fungicide

Question 25

What does contagious mean

Answer 25

A desease spread by direct contact

Question 26

What is droplet infection

Answer 26

Is the spread of disease through coughing and sneezing infected droplets into the air

Question 27

What are lymphocytes

Answer 27

White blood cells

Question 28

What do lymphocytes produce

Answer 28

Antibodies, which are complementary in shape to the antigen

Question 29

When do lymphocytes do this process

Answer 29

When the body recognises a foreign antigen

Question 30

What do antibodies do

Answer 30

Immobilise microorganisms by clumping them together

Question 31

What is phagocytosis

Answer 31

When a phagocyte engulfs and digests the microoganisms

Question 32

What within the phagocyte digest the microorganism

Answer 32

Enzymes

Question 33

How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics

Answer 33

The overuse of antibodies is responsible for antibiotic resistance as it has allowed bacteria to mutate and become resistant

Question 34

What are superbugs

Answer 34

Bacteria resistant to lots of antibiotics

Question 35

Why are superbugs a serious problem in hospitals

Answer 35

Patients have a weak immune system | Patients may have open wounds

Question 36

How do you prevent the spread of superbugs in hospital

Answer 36

Increased hygiene | Isolate superbug patients from other patients.

Question 37

What do vaccines contain

Answer 37

Dead pathogens, live pathogens that are harmless, harmless fragments of pathogens, toxins produced from pathogens

Question 38

What do vaccines lead to

Answer 38

Memory lymphocytes being produced

Question 39

What is passive immunity

Answer 39

Level of antibodies increases rapidly but quickly falls too

Question 40

What is active immunity

Answer 40

Relatively slow increase in antibody number, gaining immunity following infection by a type of microorganism for the first time

Question 41

What is a fermenter

Answer 41

The fungi that make penicillin are grown in large biodigesters or fermenters that create perfect conditions for growth

Question 42

What is downstreaming

Answer 42

The penicillin is then extracted, purified and packaged in a process known as downstreaming