Commonly used ophthalmic medications in small animal GP

Question 1

What is the function of proparacaine?

Answer 1

Ocular anaesthetic - tpoically applied to cornea before invasive procedures e,g, tonometry

Question 2

What is the main function of tropicamide?

Answer 2

Mydriatic cycloplegic vasoconstrictor - topically applied to cornea –> facilitates fundic examination

Question 3

What is the function of atropine?

Answer 3

Mydriatic cycloplegic vasoconstrictor - topically applied to cornea - controls pain by relaxing ciliary muscle spasm

Question 4

What is an example of a topical NSID that can be used in the eye?

Answer 4

Flurbiprofen

Question 5

What are some topical steroids that can be used in the eye?

Answer 5

Prednisolone acetate + Dexamethasone

Question 6

Name three drugs that could be used in the management of primary glaucoma and the corrosponding drug class they come from:

Answer 6

1. Timolol Maleate - beta adrenergic antagonist (decreases intraocular pressure)
2. Dorzolamide HCL - carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (decreasing aquous humor production)
3. Lantanprost - prostaglandin F2 alpha analog (decreases intraocular pressure in patients with open angle glaucoma)

Question 7

What are two eye medications that may be useful to use in cases of gram negative eye infection?

Answer 7

1. Ofloxacin - fluroquinolone Ab
2. Eythromycin - macrolide Ab

Question 8

What is the best eye antibiotic to use for chlamydia and mycoplasma infections?

Answer 8

Oxytetracycline

Question 9

What is the best antibiotic to use prophylactically in eye cases?

Answer 9

Triple antibiotic - Bacitracin Zinc, Neomycin and polymyxin B sulfate

Question 10

What are two drugs that could be used to treat KCS?

Answer 10

Cyclosporine - immunosupressant
Tacrolimus - macrolide antibiotic