Common Viral Pathogens I Flashcards
What kind of genetic material do the following have? Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1) Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV2) Varicella zoster virus (VZV) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
All have dsDNA
Which herpes is associated with sexual contact?
Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1)
Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV2)
*if only “herpes” is mentioned, assume both types.
HSV2.
Remember, it takes 2 to tango.
Which cell types do HSV1 and 2 affect?
Mucosal Epithelium.
Think of “los labios” of the mouth, and the vagina.
Now stop thinking about that… just please… get back to studying,
Where does HSV lie dormant?
Neuron (ganglia)
What are some of the clinical presentations of Herpes?
- Typical Lesions
- Encephalitis
- Herpes Whitlow
- Herpes keratitis
- Neonatal herpes
How do you treat herpes?
Acyclovir
Is there a vaccine for Herpes? Can you treat it prophylaxicly (spelling?)
No Vaccine.
Yes, with oral antiviral suppressive therapy,
Varicella Zoraster is aka____________. It affects the ___________ (tissue) and can be prevented with a _______________ (type of vaccine).
Chicken Pox or Shingles
Mucosal epithelium
Live attenuated
Which of the following infects blood cells (mono and lymphocytes)? Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1) Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV2) Varicella zoster virus (VZV) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
CMV
All others infect Mucosal.
Knowing that CMV infects epithelial tissue and blood tissue, hypothesize how it is transmitted.
Contact
Blood Transfusion
Transplants
Congenital
What is the most serious diagnostic test for CMV?
Serology (get it?)
How does CMV present in an immunocompromised individual? What about normal individuals?
Compromised: Retinitis, pneumonia, colitis
Normal: “mononucleosis like syndrome”
T/F: Patients with CMV are treated with Ganciclovir.
Partially true, only immunocompromised patients are treated with Ganciclovir. “normal” patients are not treated.
Is there a vaccine for CMV? Can you treat it prophylaxicly (spelling?)
No Vaccine
Only immunocompromised get pro. treatment. They get IV CMV-Ig
Generally describe the Virion replication cycle in herpes.
- Entry to cell and Nucleus
- Replication of DNA and transcription of viral mRNA
- Assembly of new virions and egression.
Immediate early genes in the herpes virus are REQUIRED for E+L genes. What are E+L genes and what do they encode?
E=Early Genes
E genes encode VIRAL proteins involved in DNA replication
L=Late Genes
Encode structural proteins, eg capsid and glycoproteins.
True or False: Viral assembly occurs in the Cytosol
FALSE
It occurs in the Nucleus. How else would it get the DNA into the new virion?
Which type of Herpes is generally asymptomatic?
HSV1
True or false: If a herpes patient is symptomatic, primary disease is likely to be more severe than any recurrences are.
True
Which ganglion does an oralfacial HSV infection usually go latent in?
Trigeminal
Which ganglion does an genital HSV infection usually go latent in?
Sacral
T/F:
After a period of latency, viral reactivation of HSV is usually asymptomatic.
True
Asymptomatic reactivation and viral shedding is the most common event.
Herpes Whitlow and Herpes Kearatitis are more likely in HSV (1 or 2).
HSV1
What is the most common complication of VZV? Second?
- Secondary Infection/cellulitis
2. Pneumonia.
