Benign Neoplasms of the Skin Flashcards
What are vascular tumors? What cell they arise from?
- Cherry angioma, endothelial cells
2. Infantile hemangioma, endothelial cells (from embolized placental cells or angioblasts)
What is an example of a vascular malformation?
Port wine stain
What tumors are from sebaceous glands?
Sebaceous Hyperplasia and Nevus sebaceous
What skin growths arise from melanocytes?
nevi, melanoma, ephelides (freckles), lentigo (sunspots), café au lait macule
What are clinical features of cherry angiomas?
- mostly on the trunk
- bright red, smooth-topped papules
- can have 100’s
What are clinical features of infantile hemangioma?
-Most common soft tissue tumor of infancy (10-12%); benign endothelial cell neoplasm
-usually resolve by age 9
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What are clinical features of a port-wine stain?
- vascular malformations
- they do not resolve spontaneously
- Over time, the vascular malformation may worsen, changing from a pink patch to a thicker purple plaque with nodularity
- Port wine stains may be associated with systemic abnormalities like Sturge Weber syndrome (SWS)
What is a Nevus sebaceus?
- A hamartoma that most commonly presents as a papillomatous, yellow-orange linear plaque on the face or scalp.
- Rapid growth at puberty
- Lesions on the scalp are associated with ALOPECIA
What are clinical features of sebaceous hyperplasia?
- Common benign tumor of oil gland.
- Increases frequency after middle age
- Distributes face >trunk> extremities.
- Primary lesions 1-6mm yellowish-white papule with central dell.
What are acrochordons?
Little worm-like benign “skin tags”
-commonly occur in areas of rubbing including the neck, axilla and infra-mammary area in women
What cells do dermatofibromas arise from?
Fibroblasts
Clinical characteristics of dermatofibromas
-second most common fibrohistocytic tumor of the skin
(skin tags #1)
-Brown, firm papule usually 3-10mm.
-Typically acquired in adults and most common in legs.
-Dimple sign: pinch lesion and should see slight downward movement of tumor
What skin growths arise from keratinocytes? (hint: age spots)
Seborrheic keratosis
Yes these are the age spots, aka “barnacles of life”
What is the clinical appearance of Seborrheic keratosis?
- oval, slightly raised, light brown to black papules or plaques.
- most commonly located on the chest and back.
- They are also commonly found on the scalp, face, neck and extremities
Are there three subtypes of seborrheic keratosis?
Yes
a. Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra: in black people
b. Stucco keratosis: found around the ankles, feet, forearms and dorsal hands
c. Sign of Leser-Trelat: Paraneoplastic syndrome reported to occur with the sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses, associated with adenocarcinoma of the stomach in 60% and also associated with other common malignancies.
