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Veterinary Science > Common Terms-Notes > Flashcards

Common Terms-Notes Flashcards

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1
Q

Abdomen

A

A region of the body between the chest and the pelvis; the belly

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2
Q

Abdominocentesis

A

The insertion of a needle into the abdominal cavity to remove fluids.

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3
Q

Abscess

A

A localized accumulation of pus; usually associated with infection

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4
Q

Acute

A

Having a sudden and generally severe onset

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5
Q

Anaerobic Bacteria

A

Bacteria which only live in an environments in which there is no or little oxygen.

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6
Q

Analgesia

A

Pain relief

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7
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

A rare, life-threatening, immediate allergic reaction to something ingested or injected.

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8
Q

Anemia

A

A condition in which the number of red blood cells present in the blood is lower than normal.

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9
Q

Anesthesia

A

Loss of sensation or feeling. Induced artificially with drugs to permit painful procedures such as surgery.

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10
Q

Anisocoria

A

A condition in which the pupils of the eyes are not of equal size.

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11
Q

Anorexia

A

Loss of appetite

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12
Q

Antibiotics

A

Usually refers to drugs administered to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. (NOT effective against viral infections)

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13
Q

Anticoagulation

A

Stopping the blood clotting process

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14
Q

Aspirate

A

Withdraw fluid or cells through the use of suction (usually the suction produced by pulling back on the plunger of a syringe attached to a needle which is inserted into the area to be sampled)

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15
Q

Antiemetic

A

An agent that decreases or stops vomiting

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16
Q

Asymptomatic

A

A term used to describe a condition in which no symptoms are present

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17
Q

Ataxia

A

A lack of muscle coordination, usually causing an abnormal or staggered gait.

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18
Q

Atrophy

A

An abnormal decrease in size of an organ or tissue

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19
Q

Auscultate

A

To listen for sounds produced within the body, usually with the aid of a stethoscope

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20
Q

Bacteria

A

Bacterium–microscopic organisms that lack nuclei and other organelles. Pathogenic species cause disease.

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21
Q

Antibacterial

A

Kills or stops the growth of bacteria.

  • Bacteriolcidle: an agent that kills bacteria
  • Bacteriostatic: an agent that stoops the growth (reproduction) of bacteria but does NOT kill them
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22
Q

Biopsy

A

The surgical removal of a small amount of abnormal tissue, usually tumors, for diagnosis

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23
Q

Bun

A

Short for, ‘blood urea nitrogen,’ a blood test that estimates kidney function.

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24
Q

Cachexia

A

Extreme weight loss

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25
Q

Calcified

A

The hardening of tissue through the influx of calcium. Usually chronic inflammation

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26
Q

Cardiac

A

Related to the heart:

  • Cardiopulmonary: relating to the heart and lungs
  • Cardiovascular
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27
Q

Carrier

A

An animal which harbors an infectious organism such as a virus, bacteria, or parasite. The animal does not always appear ill, but can still transmit the organism to other animals by direct contact or releasing the organisms (bacteria, Protozoa, viruses) in the stool, respiratory secretions, urine, or vaginal discharges.

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28
Q

Chronic

A

Of a long duration. A chronic illness persists for weeks, months, or even for the lifetime of an animal.

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29
Q

Coagulation

A

The process of clotting.

-Coagulopathy: a condition affecting the blood’s ability to form a clot.

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30
Q

Colostrum

A

The antibody-rich first milk produced immediately before and after giving birth.
-Maternal antibody: antibody in a newborn animal which the newborn acquired through the placenta or colostrum.

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31
Q

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

A

A count of the total number of cells in a given amount of blood including the red and white blood cells. It is one of the most common tests in a veterinary clinic.

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32
Q

Conception

A

The onset of pregnancy. When the fertilized egg attaches to the uterus.

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33
Q

Congenital

A

A characteristic of an animal that is present at birth. It may be inherited or induced by events that occur during pregnancy.

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34
Q

Contusion

A

An injury to underlying tissues without breaking the skin; a bruise

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35
Q

Coprophagia

A

Eating dung or fecal matter

36
Q

Culture

A

The process in which a sample of fluid or tissue is taken from an animal and placed in special media which allows processing.

37
Q

Cytology

A

The study of cells

38
Q

Decontaminate

A

Remove injuries materials

39
Q

Defecation

A

The elimination of feces from the rectum

40
Q

Dehydration

A

A condition in which the body loses more water than it takes in

41
Q

Dermal

A

Relating to the skin

-Dermatitis: inflammation of the skin

42
Q

Diagnostic tests

A

Procedures run to find the cause of disease or discomfort; tests used to make a diagnosis

43
Q

Disinfection

A

The act of using chemicals or heat to kill germs

44
Q

Diuresis

A

Increase in urine production

-Diuretic: agent which increases the secretion of urine

45
Q

Dysphagia

A

Abnormal swallowing

46
Q

Dysplasia

A

An abnormal tissue development, common in the bones of the canine

47
Q

Dyspenea

A

Shortness of breath

48
Q

Dystocia

A

Difficult birth

49
Q

Dysuria

A

Difficult or painful urination

50
Q

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

A

A printout of an analysis of the electrical heart beat

51
Q

Ectoparasite

A

External parasite; a parasite that lives on the outside surface or skin of another animal. (Fleas, ticks, lace, and mangemites)

52
Q

Ectopic

A

Non-malignant tissue growing in an usual location (I.e. An ectopic pregnancy is conception of a normal embryo outside the normal location, which is the uterus)

53
Q

Edma

A

A condition in which the tissues of the body contain too much body fluid. The fluid accumulation may cause swelling in the affected areas.

54
Q

Emaciation

A

The severe loss of body weight. The body weight is usually less than 50% of that in a normal animal.

55
Q

Encephalitis

A

The swelling or inflammation of the brain, often caused by a virus.

56
Q

Encephalopathy

A

Disease of the brain

57
Q

Endoscope

A

A long flexible instrument which can be passed into the body to view various structures through the use of fiber optics

58
Q

Endotracheal tube

A

This tube is placed into the animal’s trachea (windpipe) to allow the oxygen and gasses to be breathed into the lungs.

59
Q

Enteral feeding

A

A method to feed an animal in which a tube is placed through the body wall into the intestine, and a nutritious liquid is forced through the tube into the intestine.

60
Q

Enteritis

A

An inflammation of the intestines, especially the small intestine.

61
Q

Envenomation

A

The act of injecting a poisonous material (venom).

62
Q

Epiphyte

A

An overflow of tears upon the cheeks due to a blockage or narrowing of the tear ducts.

63
Q

Epistaxis

A

Bleeding from the nose

64
Q

Erythema

A

Redness of the skin caused by blood clogging in small blood vessels; blushing

65
Q

Exophthalmos

A

The abnormal outward protrusion (bulging) of the eye.

66
Q

Estrus

A

The time when a female animal is fertile and receptive to the male. Also known as the heat period

67
Q

Extracranial

A

Originating external to the cranial (brain) cavity

68
Q

Extrahepatic

A

Outside of the liver

69
Q

False negative test result

A

The result of a diagnostic test is negative, but the animal actually does have the condition tested for

70
Q

False positive test result

A

The result of a diagnostic test is positive, but the animal actually does not have the condition tested for.

71
Q

Fetal

A

Pertaining to an unborn animal

72
Q

Fetus

A

The developing young in the uterus before birth

73
Q

Fine needle–Aspirate

A

Auction is applied to a hollow needle which had been inserted into tissue and a core of the tissue is withdrawn to culture and/or examine microscopically

74
Q

Foreign body

A

Any abnormal substance within the body. Examples include wood slivers, ingested cloth or balls, glass in the feet, etc.

75
Q

Fracture

A

A break in the bone; generally caused by trauma, twisting, or weakened bone structure due to disease.

76
Q

Biology

A

The study of all life

77
Q

Zoology

A

The study of animals

78
Q

Botany

A

The study of plants

79
Q

Anatomy

A

Form and function; what things look like and where they are located

80
Q

Physiology

A

Functions of the body and it’s parts; how things work and what they do

81
Q

Pathology

A

The science or the study of the origin, nature, and course of diseases; the conditions and processes of a disease

82
Q

Anatomical pathology

A

Forensic pathology, gross pathology, histopathology

83
Q

Clinical pathology

A

Hematopathology, immunopathology

84
Q

Embryology

A

The study of all the origin and development of an individual organism

85
Q

Histology

A

The microscopic study of normal cells and tissues

Veterinary Science (8 decks)

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