Common TCP/IP Protocols Flashcards
1
Q
Protocol
A
A set of standards for communication between network hosts
2
Q
Protocol suite
A
A group of protocols intended to be used together
3
Q
Name Web services protocols
A
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
* HTTP over SSL (HTTPS)
4
Q
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
A
- Is used by web browsers and web servers o exchange files (such as web pages) through the World Wide Web and intranets.
- Can be described as an information requesting and responding protocol.
- Is typically used to request and send web documents, but is also used as the protocol for communication between agents using different TCP/IP protocols
5
Q
HTTP over SSL (HTTPS)
A
Is a secure form of HTTP that uses SSL to encrypt data before it is transmitted
6
Q
Name Security protocols
A
- Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
* Transport Layer Security (TLS)
7
Q
Secure Layer Security (SSL)
A
- Secures messages being transmitted on the Internet
- Uses RSA for authentication and encryption
- Web browsers use SSL to ensure safe web transactions
8
Q
Transport Layer Security (TLS)
A
- Ensure the messages being transmitted on the Internet are private and tamper proof.
- TLS is implemented in two protocols
- TLS Record provides connection security with encryption (with DES for example)
- TLS Handshake provides mutual authentication and choice of encryption method
9
Q
Name the file transfer protocols
A
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
- Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
- Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
- Secure Copy (SCP)
10
Q
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
A
- Generic method of transferring files
- Protect access to files by requiring usernames and passwords, and allows file transfer between dissimilar computer systems
- Can transfer both binary and text files including HTML to another host
- *** FTP does not use encryption. All data are sent over the network in clear text **
11
Q
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
A
- Does not provide user authentication or error detection
- Used when files need to be transferred between systems quickly
- Since it does not perform error detection TFTP is faster than FTP but is susceptible to transmission errors
12
Q
Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
A
- Uses SSH to secure data transfer
* SSH ensures that SFTP transmission use encrypted commands and data
13
Q
Secure Copy (SCP)
A
- Used to securely transfer files between systems
14
Q
Name Email Protocols
A
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
- Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)
- Internet Message Access Protocol version4 (IMAP4)
15
Q
Simple Mail Transfer (SMTP)
A
- Is used to route electronic mail through the internetwork
- Is used between mail severs for sending and relaying mail
- Is used by all email clients to send mail
- by some email client programs, such as Outlook for receiving mail from an Exchange server
16
Q
Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)
A
- Is used to retrieve email from a remote server and download it to a local client over TCP/IP connection
- *** An email client that uses POP3 for receiving mail uses SMTP for sending mail **
17
Q
Internet Message Access Protocol version4 (IMAP4)
A
- Designed to enable users to access their mail for various locations, with out the need to transfer messages or files back and forth between computers
- Messages remain on the remote mail server and are not automatically downloaded to a client system
- *** An email client that uses IMAP4 for receiving mail uses SMTP for sending mail **
18
Q
Network Services Protocols
A
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
- Domain Name System (DNS)
- Network Time Protocol (NTP)
- Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
19
Q
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
A
- Is used to automatically assign addresses and other configuration parameters to network hosts
- Using a DHCP server, hosts receive configuration information at startup, reducing the amount of manual configuration required on each host
20
Q
Domain Name System (DNS)
A
- A distributed system throughout the internetwork that provides addresses and name resolution
- EX www.mydomain.com would be mapped to a specific IP address
21
Q
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
A
- Used to communicate time synchronization information between systems on a network
22
Q
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
A
- Used to search, retrieve data from, and update a directory service
- This protocol follows a client/server model.
- One or more LDAP servers contain the directory data
- The client connects to an LDAP Server to make a directory service request
23
Q
Network Management Protocols
A
- Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
- Remote Terminal Emulation (Telnet)
- Secure Shell (SSL)
24
Q
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
A
- Designed for managing complex networks
- Lets network hosts exchange configuration and status information.
- This information can be gathered by management software and is used to monitor and manage the network
25
Q
Remote Terminal Emulation (Telnet)
A
- Allows a computer to remotely access the console of a computer system somewhere else in the network
- Was used for remote management task but rarely used today
- Does not use encryption - recommended to use a secure alternative to Telnet for remote management task, such as SSH
26
Q
Secure Shell (SSH)
A
- Allows for secure interactive control of remote systems
- Uses RSA public key cryptography for both connection and authentication
- Uses the IDEA algorithm for encryption by default, but is can use Blowfish and DES
- Is a secure and preferred alternative to Telnet
27
Q
Transport Protocols
A
- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
* User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
28
Q
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
A
- Provides services that ensure accurate and timely delivery of network communication between two hosts
- Sequencing of data packets
- Flow control
- Error checking
- Acknowledgement of packets sent
- Retransmission of lost packets
29
Q
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
A
- Host to host protocol like TCP but
- Doesn’t acknowledge each packet transmitted
- Doesn’t allow for retransmission of lost packets
- That reduces overhead allowing for faster communications
- Ideal of streaming audio and video
- Speed come at the expense of possible errors or data loss
30
Q
Control Protocols
A
- Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
* Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)
31
Q
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
A
- Works closely with IP to prevent errors and control information by allowing host to exchange packet status information
- Ping and traceroute use ICMP message to check network connectivity
- ICMP also works with IP to send notices
- When destinations are unreachable
- Which route and hops a packets takes through a network
- Whether devices can communicate across the network
32
Q
Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)
A
- Defines host groups
- All group members can receive broadcast messages (multicasts) intended for the group
- Multicast groups can be composed of devices within the same network or across networks (connected with a router)
