Common Skin Infections Flashcards
Erysipelas
Clinical Manifestations: Has distinct border when brushing finger. Is red, HOT, Fevers.
Pathogens: Often Group A Strep. (GAS)
Treatment: ANY Beta Lactam Antibiotic, if react badly.. can use Clindamycin.
Risk Factors for all Skin Infections
- local trauma
- Skin ulcers
- Fungus
- Obesity
- Venous Insufficiency
- Previous episodes
Cellulitis
- Clinical Manifestations: Erythema (red skin), Swelling of skin, Warmth, Tenderness, NO DISTINCT MARGIN.
- 2 types … Non-purulent cellulitis (No pus = Strep) and Purulent cellulitis (Pus = Staph aureus.. Be aware for MRSA! If MRSA use Tetracycline or TMP/SMX.. Vancomycin too much!).
- Treatment: Beta lactam w/ staph. activity
Folliculitis vs Furuncles vs Carbuncle
Folliculitis: Localized infection of hair follicles
Furuncles (boils): Folliculitis extending into subcutaneous tissue
Carbuncle: Coalescence of furuncles.
Folliculitis
Clinical Manifestation: Found in areas with sweat, hair, friction. Red nodule, tender, painful, pus, fever.
Risk = diabetes/obesity
Treat: Folliculitis: Saline compres
Furuncles/Carbuncles: Incision and drainage as well as antibiotics.
For Strep (MSSA) = Cefazolin (any Cef). For S. Aureus (MRSA) = use TMP-SMX or Tetracyclin!
Necrotizing Fasciitis
It’s a medical emergency!!
Two types… Mono microbial = Type II (on limb)
Polymicrobial = Type I (on trunk).
Need to remove infected and give drugs. Clindamycin!
Shooter’s Abscess
Assume Polymicrobial(mouth flora, until proven otherwise! Ceftriaxone and Metronidazole (avoid alcohol)
Animal Bites
Dog bite = Blunt teeth, crush injury
Cat = Sharp, deep.
Treat with Amox/Clav. Give antibiotics before infection starts!
DON’T use Cefazolin!
Human Bite
Streptococci! Use Amox/Clav
DON’T Cefazolin!
Diabetic Foot Infection
Multidisciplinary! Need to amputate? Chronic or acute?
