Common skin disorders and infections Flashcards
Bacteria that causes acne
Propionibacterium acnes
FOLLICULITIS bacteria
Infection of the hair follicles
Most common pathogen Staphylococcus Aureus
“Hot tub” folliculitis caused by Pseudomonas
Can be caused by yeast, but this is the exception to the rule
FURUNCLES/CARBUNCLES treatment
5cm:
Bactrim
Clindamycin and Cephalexin [Keflex] very effective against most staph and strep species (caused by staph)
SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS
Common, multiple, benign skin lesion commonly found on the torso
Well-circumscribed gray-brown-to-black plaques with a “stuck-on” appearance
Warty
often scaly
hyperpigmented lesion
may have an isolated lesion or hundreds of lesions
Usually appear in the 4th and 5th decade of life
ACTINIC KERATOSIS (AKs)
Rough, dry, scaly patch or growth that forms on the skin
Extremely common, occurs in sun exposed areas
More common in fair-skinned individuals
10% of AK’s turn into cancer
BUT… 60% of squamous cell carcinomas arise from AKs!
MELASMA (PREGNANCY MASK)
Tan or brown patches on the cheeks, nose, forehead, and chin.
Melasma occurs in half of all women during pregnancy.
Usually called “pregnancy mask,” men can also develop it
Triggers: sun, hormonal changes, cosmetics
TINEA VERSICOLOR Diagnosis
Potassium hydroxide wet mount
Indentification of hyphae and budding cells (“spaghetti and meatballs”)
Woods lamp
HAND-FOOT-MOUTH DISEASE
Coxsackie virus A16
This common, contagious childhood illness starts with a Fever, Painful mouth sores, Non-pruritic rash with blisters on hands, feet, and sometimes buttocks and legs that follow
Home treatment includes ibuprofen or acetaminophen (do not give aspirin to children) and fluids. It will typically resolve in 7-10 days.
ROSEOLA (ROSEOLA INFANTUM)
A mild, contagious illness
Most common in children age 6 months to 3 years, Rare after age 4
The symptoms are respiratory illness, followed by a high fever (which can trigger seizures) for 3-5 days
Fevers abruptly end and are followed by a rash
Treatment is supportive
