Common Pediatric Diagnoses

Question 1

What is RSV?

Answer 1

A respiartory syncytial virus.

Bronchiolitis (respiratory virus)

Question 2

Who is most severly affected by RSV

Answer 2

mild cold systems in older children and adults can be very problematic for premises and you young infants.

Question 3

What are s/s of RSV?

Answer 3

• Coughing
• clear running nose
• fever-wheezing
• tachypnea
• increase work of breathing

Question 4

What are some preventions of RSV?

Answer 4

“Synagis”

given every month for premises during RSV season. Also indicated for mutiple births and decrease birth weight in infants are most prone to it.

Question 5

What is Croup?

Answer 5

Laryngotracheobronchitis causes sweeling (narrowing) of the upper airway

Question 6

How is Croup treated?

Answer 6

Supportive
cool mist humidifier
maybe steroids if really bad

Question 7

What are CM of Croup?

Answer 7

Barking cough

URI

Question 8

What are the s/s of respiratory distress?

Answer 8

• Tachypnea (70-120) breaths per min in children
• retractions
• grunting
• crakles
• pallor, cyanosis
• slow capillary refill
• hypothermal
• peripheral edema
• flaccid muscle tone
• GI shutdown
• jaundice
• acidosis

Question 9

What is acute epiglottis?

Answer 9

Potentially life threatening
Much more common prior to introduction of Hib vaccine
You should never have the child open their mouth when accessing the child

Question 10

What are the s/s of epiglottis

Answer 10

Muffled voice
Drooling 
Progression respiratory distress
Tripod stance 
High fever

Question 11

What is tx of epiglottis

Answer 11

AIRWAY PROTECTION
immediate intubations
Epiglottal swelling decreases over 24hrs
Antibiotics
Corticosteroids

Question 12

What is bronchitis?

Answer 12

Bronchitis is inflammation of the trachea and bronchi (airway)
Almost always viral

Question 13

What are CM of bronchitis

Answer 13

-CM
Cough 
Runny nose 
Low grade fever
-TX
Supportive 
Cough meds
Humidifier 
Fluids

Question 14

What is pneumonia

Answer 14

A acute inflammation of the lower airway viral or bacterial

Question 15

CM do pneumonia

Answer 15

Cough
Wheeze/rales
Fever 
Runny nose 
Chest pain
Irritability
Respiratory distress
Lethargy

Question 16

Treatment for pneumonia

Answer 16

If bacterial: abx, bronchodilators, antipyretics, CPT, o2 if needed.
If viral: supportive therapy

Question 17

Most common culprits for FB aspiration?

Answer 17

Seeds, nuts
Hotdog
Grapes
Ballon, tiny toy pieces

Question 18

What is FB aspiration dx?

Answer 18

Chest x-ray

Bronchoscopy

Question 19

What are s/s of FB aspiration

Answer 19

Initially are chocking, gagging, coughing, cyanosis

-Secondary symptoms: persistent respiratory infection, stridor, wheezing (unilateral) cough

Question 20

Tx for FB aspiration

Answer 20

Quick surgical removal
high humidity environment
Antibiotics

Question 21

What is otitis media?

S/s?

Answer 21

Is a middle ear infection 
-s/s
Otalgia (pain in the ear)
Fever 
Irritability
Decrease appetite
Pulling at the ear

Question 22

What is treatment of otitis media?

Answer 22

Antibiotics
Antipyretic
Analgesic drops

Question 23

What is otitis externa?

Answer 23

Is a external ear infection (canal)

“swimmers ear”

Question 24

What are s/s and treatment of otitis externa?

Answer 24

-S/s
Red, excoriated cannel with copious drainage noted
-tx
Antibiotic drops
Possible wick if increase edema
Antipyretics

Question 25

What are the 3 main types of conjunctivitis

Answer 25

VIRAL, bacterial, allergic