Common Pediatric Diagnoses Flashcards

1
Q

What is RSV?

A

A respiartory syncytial virus.

Bronchiolitis (respiratory virus)

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2
Q

Who is most severly affected by RSV

A

mild cold systems in older children and adults can be very problematic for premises and you young infants.

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3
Q

What are s/s of RSV?

A
  • Coughing
  • clear running nose
  • fever-wheezing
  • tachypnea
  • increase work of breathing
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4
Q

What are some preventions of RSV?

A

“Synagis”

given every month for premises during RSV season. Also indicated for mutiple births and decrease birth weight in infants are most prone to it.

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5
Q

What is Croup?

A

Laryngotracheobronchitis causes sweeling (narrowing) of the upper airway

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6
Q

How is Croup treated?

A

Supportive
cool mist humidifier
maybe steroids if really bad

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7
Q

What are CM of Croup?

A

Barking cough

URI

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8
Q

What are the s/s of respiratory distress?

A
  • Tachypnea (70-120) breaths per min in children
  • retractions
  • grunting
  • crakles
  • pallor, cyanosis
  • slow capillary refill
  • hypothermal
  • peripheral edema
  • flaccid muscle tone
  • GI shutdown
  • jaundice
  • acidosis
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9
Q

What is acute epiglottis?

A

Potentially life threatening
Much more common prior to introduction of Hib vaccine
You should never have the child open their mouth when accessing the child

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10
Q

What are the s/s of epiglottis

A
Muffled voice
Drooling 
Progression respiratory distress
Tripod stance 
High fever
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11
Q

What is tx of epiglottis

A
AIRWAY PROTECTION
immediate intubations
Epiglottal swelling decreases over 24hrs
Antibiotics
Corticosteroids
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12
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

Bronchitis is inflammation of the trachea and bronchi (airway)
Almost always viral

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13
Q

What are CM of bronchitis

A
-CM
Cough 
Runny nose 
Low grade fever
-TX
Supportive 
Cough meds
Humidifier 
Fluids
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14
Q

What is pneumonia

A

A acute inflammation of the lower airway viral or bacterial

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15
Q

CM do pneumonia

A
Cough
Wheeze/rales
Fever 
Runny nose 
Chest pain
Irritability
Respiratory distress
Lethargy
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16
Q

Treatment for pneumonia

A

If bacterial: abx, bronchodilators, antipyretics, CPT, o2 if needed.
If viral: supportive therapy

17
Q

Most common culprits for FB aspiration?

A

Seeds, nuts
Hotdog
Grapes
Ballon, tiny toy pieces

18
Q

What is FB aspiration dx?

A

Chest x-ray

Bronchoscopy

19
Q

What are s/s of FB aspiration

A

Initially are chocking, gagging, coughing, cyanosis

-Secondary symptoms: persistent respiratory infection, stridor, wheezing (unilateral) cough

20
Q

Tx for FB aspiration

A

Quick surgical removal
high humidity environment
Antibiotics

21
Q

What is otitis media?

S/s?

A
Is a middle ear infection 
-s/s
Otalgia (pain in the ear)
Fever 
Irritability
Decrease appetite
Pulling at the ear
22
Q

What is treatment of otitis media?

A

Antibiotics
Antipyretic
Analgesic drops

23
Q

What is otitis externa?

A

Is a external ear infection (canal)

“swimmers ear”

24
Q

What are s/s and treatment of otitis externa?

A
-S/s
Red, excoriated cannel with copious drainage noted
-tx
Antibiotic drops
Possible wick if increase edema
Antipyretics
25
Q

What are the 3 main types of conjunctivitis

A

VIRAL, bacterial, allergic