Common Lesions Flashcards
Mole, benign melanocytic lesion
Nevus
Freckles
Ephelides
Benign melanocytic lesion, macular-flat
Lentigo
Benign skin lesion with a stuck on appearance
Seborrheic keratosis
Variant of seborrheic keratosis that occurs in 30% of black population
Dermatosis papulosa nigra
Precursor lesion for cutaneous SCC, Sandpaper texture.
Actinic keratosis
Prominent vessels
Telangectatic capillaries
Usually on forehead. Central umbilication
Sebaceous hyperplasia
Most common cancer in humans, mask area, rolled borders
Basal cell carcinoma
Ectopic sebaceous glands
Fordyce granules
Associated with loss of vertical dimension. Candida, some may have co-infection with candida and staph. If external only can used topical application of antifungal/corticosteroid
Angular Cheilitis
most common site for recurrent HSV-1 is vermilion border and/or adjacent skin of lips
Herpes Labialis
focal increase in melanin; also can occur as reactive melanosis in response to local trauma.
Melanotic Macule
focal deposition of mucous. Cause is damage to associated minor salivary gland duct. Treatment is conservative-remove extravasated mucous and associated minor salivary glands.
Mucocele
Intracellular edema
Leukoedema
Found along occlusal plane
Linea alba
- cheek, tongue, lip nibbling/chewing-shredded keratin, at a site(s) accessible to teeth.
Morsicatio bucarrum, linguarum, laborium
-benign collection of dense fibrous connective tissue. Conservative removal.
Fibroma
immunologically mediated process. Often has “striae” or lacy clinical presentation. Does not wipe off. “Lichenoid mucositis” is a descriptive term which could apply to several conditions.
Lichen Planus
comprised of dense, vital lamellar bone.
Maxillary torus
-found under sub-optimally fitting RPD or full denture, may also reflect nearly constant wear. Also has been noted with high palatal vault. Conservative excision, new denture.
Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia
inflamed minor salivary glands of the palate with hyperkeratosis around the orifices. Most commonly seen in pipe smokers; can also be seen with long-term use of hot beverages.
Nicotine Stomatitis
overgrowth of chromogenic bacteria and filiform papillae.
Black hairy tongue
multiple grooves in tongue, fissured tongue-patients often also have geographic tongue.
Fissured tongue
patients may be symptomatic e.g. tongue sensitive to spicy or acidic food, when lesions are present. Ectopic geographic tongue occurs in locations other than dorsal or lateral tongue.
Geographic tongue
part of Waldeyer’s ring. Vertical lines at posterior lateral tongue often see lymphoid tissue in that area as well.
Foliate papilla
vital lamellar bone. Often bilateral, commonly seen on lingual.
Mandibular tori
silver in amalgam stains reticulin fibers in associated connective tissue. If unusual presentation, may need to excise to rule out melanoma
amalgam tattoo
rule out an odontogenic source of infection
- Parulis (intraoral opening of sinus track
-most common in mandibular third molars-food, etc. gets caught between the overlying soft tissue (operculum) and crown of partially impacted tooth. Ideally, remove offending tooth and opposing third molar. May need to initially decrease local inflammation e.g. with rinses, then surgery.
Pericoronitis
punched out interdental papillae that do not regenerate. Seen in persons with poor oral hygiene and/or poor diet and stress
NUG
associated most often with poorly fitting dentures. Conservative excision, construct well-fitting dentures.
Inflammatory Fibrous hyperplasia
most often older patients, lower lip frequent site. If thrombosed, will NOT blanch with diascopy.
varix
loss of continuity of an epithelial or epidermal covered surface.
Ulcer
-immune mediated. Found on freely movable oral mucosa. “Canker sore” laypersons term. Ulcer on an erythematous base
Apthous ulcer
associated with NON-oncogenic human papillomaviruses. Color depends on amount of keratin on the surface
Squamous papilloma
- rule-out dysplasia. White patch with crisply defined margins that does not rub off and cannot be diagnosed clinically or microscopically as anything else. Perform a biopsy to identify exact nature of the lesion.
Leukoplakia
need to do biopsy to confirm. Assess vitality of adjacent teeth.
Periapical cyst
develops due to fluid entrapment between crown of impacted tooth and reduced enamel epithelium.
Dentigerous cyst
collection of fluid below maxillary sinus. Maxillary sinus lining will be superior to the fluid collection. May get referred pain to maxillary teeth with altitudes e.g. during flying.
Antral pseudocyst
look for tooth or teeth with deep caries in associated area.
Condensing osteitis
bony protuberances arise from cortical plate. Tori are exostoses.
exostoses
– seen on radiograph; dense vital bone, no identifiable etiology, blends with surrounding trabeculae. Also called enostosis or dense bone island.
idiopathic osteosclerosis
