Common Genital Syndromes and their Non-STI Causes Flashcards
1
Q
What are some possible causes of genital symptoms?
A
- microbial
- candida
- bacterial vaginosis
- balanoposthitis
- other
- dermatoses
- trauma
- cancer
- neuromuscular
- hypervigilance
- iatrogenic
- idiopathic
2
Q
What are some common genital symptoms?
A
- discharge from an orifice
- pain
- rashes
- lumps and swellings
- cuts, sores, ulcers
- itching
- change in appearance
3
Q
What is vulvovaginal candidosis?
A
- 90% candida albicans, can be c. glabrata
- usually aquired form bowel
- often asymptomatic
- thrush, itch, thick/inc. discharge
4
Q
What are the risk factors for vulvovaginal candidosis?
A
- diabetes, oral steroids
- immunosuppression
- pregnancy
- reproductive age group
5
Q
What are the investigations for vulvovaginal candidosis?
A
- characteristic history
- examination
- fissures
- erythema with satellite lesions
- charachteristic discharge
- gram stain preparation
- low sensitivity
- culture
- low specificity
6
Q
What is the treatment for vulvovaginal candidosis?
A
- azole antifungals
- clotrimazole 500mg PV once (+ clotrimazole HC if vulvitis)
- fluconazole 150mg PO once
- avoid irritants
- treat dermatitis
7
Q
What is bacteria vaginosis?
A
- inc. gardnerella vaginalis, enterococcus faecalis, actinomyces neuii
- dec. lactobacilli
- 50% asymptomatic
- watery grey/yellow fishy discharge
- may be worse after period/sex
- may be sore/itch from dampness
- commonest cause of abnormal vaginal discharge
- associated with endometritis and premature labour
- inc. risk of HIV acquisition
8
Q
What are the investigations for bacteria vaginosis?
A
- characteristic history
- examination
- thin, homogenous discharge
- pH
- gram stained smear of vaginal discharge
9
Q
What is the treatment for bacteria vaginosis?
A
- antibiotics
- metronidazole (oral, vaginal gel)
- clindamycin (vaginal)
- propiotics
- vaginal acidification
10
Q
What are some genital pain syndromes?
A
- vestibulodynia
- provoked introital tenderness
- vulvodynia
- persistant burning or aching
- chronic pelvic pain syndrome
- cause unclead, but muscular dysfunction implicated
