Common Genital Symptom Syndromes and their non-STI Causes Flashcards
name some commonn genital symptoms
Discharge from an orifice, Pain from somewhere, Rashes, Lumps and swellings, Cuts, sores, ulcers, Itching, Change in appearance
Microbial conditions not regarded as STDs
Vulvovaginal candidosis, Bacterial vaginosis, Balanoposthitis – anaerobic/candidal, Tinea cruris, Erythrasma , Infected sebaceous glands, Impetigo, Cellulitis
Vulvovaginal candidosis, what is it caused by (epid)?
Candida albicans, cann be C.alabrata. Usually acquired from the bowel, changes in the host’s environment trigger pathogenicity
sy/sx of VVC
itch, discharge - thick, “cottage cheese”
vulvovaginal candidosis more likely to happen if:
DM, oral steroids, HIV, pregnnanncy, reproductive age group
on examinationn VVC
fissuring, erythema with satellite lesions, discharge seen.
dx/ix VVC
Gram stained preparation: Low sensitivity – might look at an unrepresentative patch, Culture – eg Sabouraud’s medium, Low specificity – yeast are commensal organisms
tx VVC
Azole antifungals:
Clotrimazole 500mg PV once, Plus Clotrimazole HC if vulvitis,
Fluconazole 150mg PO once
Bacterial vaginosis, causes
reduction of lactobacilli, raised pH, incresased Gardnerella vaginalis, Enterococcus faecalisandActinomyces neuii.
sy/sx Bacterial vaginosis
Asymptomatic in 50%, watery grey/yellow ‘fishy’ discharge (thin and homogenous), may be worse after period / sex, sometimes sore/itch from dampness
dx/ix Bacterial vaginosis
pH and Gram stained smear of vaginal discharge
tx Bacterial vaginosis
Metronidazole, Oral ( avoid ethanol), Vaginal gel,
Clindamycin (Vaginal), Probiotics, Vaginal acidification, maintainn pH at 4.5 by vaginnal acidifyinng gel, replacement of lactobacilli vaginal or oral.
what causes impetigo?
staph.a, staph.p
what causes Erysipelas?
strep.p
