Common DSM 5 Disorders Flashcards
false or distorted sensory experiences that occur in the absence of an external stimulus, but resembles real perceptions
Hallucinations
false beliefs or judgments that continue despite irrefutable evidence to the contrary
Delusions
direct or indirect exposure to trauma; duration of symptoms lasting more than 1 month
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
common symptoms include: nightmares, flashbacks, dissociation, physiological reactivity, hypervigilance
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
direct or indirect exposure to trauma; duration of symptoms lasting less than 1 month
Acute Stress Disorder
extreme fear of gaining weight, restrictive energy intake, significantly low body weight, disturbance in perception of the self, denial of conditions severity
Anorexia Nervosa
recurrent episodes of binge eating, having a lack of control when eating, recurrent compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain; i.e. purging, laxatives, diet pills, fasting, excessive exercise
Bulimia Nervosa
eating an unusually large portion of food within a 2hr period, lack of control over eating, eating alone due to shame, followed by feelings of disgust, depression or guilt
Binge Eating Disorder
persistently and compulsively eating non-nutritious or non-food substances
Pica
repeated regurgitation of food for a 1 month period, not due to a medical condition, does not occur specifically with bulimia nervosa
Rumination Disorder
excessive and uncontrollable worrying, restlessness, difficulty sleeping and concentrating; duration of symptoms lasting at least 6 months
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
significant anxiety about one or more social situations, avoidance of socialization, fear of being judged, or humiliated by others; duration of symptoms lasting at least 6 months
Social Anxiety Disorder
a marked fear of being in places that might be difficult to escape from or receive help if something were to go wrong, fear of public transportation, open spaces, enclosed spaces, outside of the home; duration of symptoms lasting at least 6 months
Agoraphobia
unexpected and recurrent periods of intense fear with physical symptoms like hot flashes, heart palpitations, nausea, dizziness, shortness of breath and fear of death; duration of symptoms lasting at least 6 months
Panic Disorder
presence of obsessions or compulsions that are time consuming, distressing and illicit behavior that is meant to reduce anxiety
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
difficulty parting with or discarding possessions because of a perceived need to keep them
Hoarding Disorder (Obsessive-Compulsive Related)
obsession over perceived flaws or defects in appearance
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (Obsessive-Compulsive Related)
an irresistible urge to pull out one’s hair
Trichotillomania (Obsessive-Compulsive Related)
repeated skin picking
Excoriation (Obsessive-Compulsive Related)
irresistible urge to start fires
Pyromania (Obsessive-Compulsive Related)
have experienced at least 1 manic episode, characterized by elevated, expansive or irritable mood, and abnormally increased goal-directed energy that lasts at least 1 week and is present for most of every day
Bipolar I
have experienced a hypomanic episode (less severe than mania) and a major depressive episode; individuals may be able to continue with everyday life
Bipolar II
hypomanic and depressive periods present at least 50% of the time during a 2 year period for adults, 1 year period for children; criteria for manic, hypomanic and depression have never been met
Cyclothymia
experience severe depression; duration of symptoms lasting at least 2 weeks
Major Depressive Disorder
experience severe depression; duration of symptoms lasting 2 years for adults, 1 year for children
Persistent Depressive Disorder
diminished interest or pleasure in activities, weight loss or gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, feeling hopeless or guilty, decreased concentration and thoughts of death or suicide
Major Depressive Disorder and Persistent Depressive Disorder
individual has 2 or more distinct personalities, the inability to recall significant (typically traumatic) events from one’s own life, lack of awareness for recent events
Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder)
experiences feelings of detachment, either cognitively or physically, from the self or environment
Depersonalization Disorder
experiences of unreality or detachment from surroundings
Derealization
characterized by retrospectively reported memory gaps, inability to recall traumatic or stressful events, memory loss is inconsistent with typical forgetting
Dissociative Amnesia
one or more symptoms affecting senses or body movement, altered motor function, and symptoms cannot be explained by neurological, medical or mental health diagnoses
Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
one deceives others by purposely getting sick or injured
Factitious Disorder
one falsely claims that another person has psychological or physical signs or symptoms of illness with the intention of deceiving others
Factitious Disorder by Proxy (Munchausen Syndrome)
feigning illness or injury to receive a benefit
Malingering (not a formal DSM 5 diagnosis)
excessive thoughts, feelings, and focus on physical symptoms, such as weakness, pain or shortness of breath; results in significant distress and problems with overall functioning
Somatic Symptom Disorder
preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness (hypochondria)
Illness Anxiety Disorder
significant reduction or complete lack of sexual interest or sexual arousal
Female Sexual Interest Arousal Disorder
a combination of painful sex (dyspareunia) and involuntary vaginal muscle spasms (vaginismus)
Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
inability to stay alert and awake during the day despite getting more than enough sleep at night
Hypersomnolence Disorder
recurring episodes of interrupted sleep, most often caused by night terrors, sleepwalking or insomnia
Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Disorder
difficulty initiating and staying asleep, characterized by problems returning to sleep after awakenings or frequent awakenings
Insomnia
severe decline in cognitive functioning, intellectual ability, reasoning, judgment, social skills and emotional reactions; assistance is needed with daily functioning
Major Neurocognitive Disorder
modest decline in cognitive functioning, intellectual ability, reasoning, judgment, social skills and emotional reactions; some assistance with daily functioning may be needed
Mild Neurocognitive Disorder
onset before 18yrs, includes vocal and motor tic symptoms for at least 1 year; involves uncontrollable, unwanted sounds and repetitive movements
Tourette’s Disorder
onset before 18yrs, persistent motor or vocal tic symptoms for at least 1 year
Persistent Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder
intense sexual gratification from watching others perform private activities or sexual acts
Voyeuristic Disorder
sexual arousal from the exposure of one’s genitals to a unsuspecting individual
Exhibitionistic Disorder
intense sexual arousal from touching a nonconsenting person
Frotteuristic Disorder
sexual arousal from extreme pain, humiliation, bondage or torture
Sexual Masochism Disorder
sexual arousal from fantasizing about or witnessing another individual undergo physical or psychological pain
Sexual Sadism Disorder
recurrent, sexually arousing urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving children under 13
Pedophilic Disorder
sexual arousal from objects or a specific part of the body which is not normally regarded as erotic
Fetishistic Disorder
sexual arousal from cross-dressing
Transvestic Disorder
sudden, brief onset of psychotic behavior, such as delusions or hallucinations; durations of symptoms lasting less than 1 month
Brief Psychotic Disorder
experience of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior
Schizophrenia (6 months+) and Schizophreniform (1-6 months)
characterized by mistrust and irrational suspicion of others
Paranoid Personality Disorder
anhedonia, introspection, lack of interest in social relationships, perceiving it pointless to spend time with others
Schizoid Personality Disorder
characterized by odd behavior or thinking
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
pervasive disregard for the law and the rights of others
Antisocial Personality Disorder
black and white thinking, interpersonal instability, issues with identity, self-perception, impulsivity and self-harm; diagnosed 3 times higher in females than in males
Borderline Personality Disorder
pervasive attention seeking behavior which includes inappropriate sexual behavior and shallow or exaggerated emotions
Histrionic Personality Disorder
grandiosity, the craving of praise, lack of empathy
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
social inhibition, inferiority complex, high sensitivity to criticism, avoidance of social interaction
Avoidant Personality Disorder
pervasive psychological dependence on other people
Dependent Personality Disorder
rigid adherence to moral standards and an obsessive sense of order
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
diagnosis usually occurs between 9 months - 5 years of age; child has difficulty managing their emotions, is withdrawn, episodes of irritability, fearfulness or sadness
Reactive Attachment Disorder
diagnosis usually occurs between 9 months - 5 years of age; child appears friendly, outgoing, and actively engages with new people, difficulty forming emotional relationships, and does not return to caregivers during exploration
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
argues with authority figures, often angry and resentful, blames others, acts to upset others, challenges rules; non-violent
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (under 18)
violates the rights of others, is physically cruel to people and animals, uses weapons, destroys property; criteria is met for antisocial if symptoms persist past age of 18
Conduct Disorder (under 18)
eruptions lasting less than 30 minutes and happening unexpectedly; characterized by verbal and physical aggression, threats, assault, or non-violent verbal/physical aggression occurring twice a week for 3 months
Intermittent Explosive Disorder (under 18)
diagnosed between the ages of 6-18, including severe outbursts 3 or more times per week; outbursts are not age appropriate, appear in multiple environments and are replaced by irritable or angry moods when outbursts are not occurring
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (under 18)
problems in social interactions and communication, lack of eye contact, fixated interests, impairment in functioning; symptoms exist in early childhood
Autism Spectrum Disorder
sound and syllable repetitions, sound prolongation of consonants and vowels, broken words
Child Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)
becomes apparent during early development, persistent difficulty in the acquisition of and use of language in different manners due to deficits in comprehension
Language Disorder
deficits in using communication for social situations such as greeting and sharing information, difficulties following rules for conversation such as taking turns, clarifying oneself, and using cues
Social Communication Disorder
deficits to reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic and experiential learning, independence; occurs in the developmental period
Intellectual Disability
requires increasing quantities of money, becomes irritable when attempting to quit, lies about the frequency of habit and depends on others for financial support
Gambling Disorder
difficulty sustaining attention during tasks, has trouble listening, does not follow instructions and has difficulty with organization; duration of symptoms lasting at least 6 months and occurring in at least 2 settings
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
severe distress when separating from the home or attachment figure, ongoing fear of loss, reluctance to be alone, repetitive nightmares; duration of symptoms lasting at least 4 weeks in children and 6 months in adults
Separation Anxiety Disorder
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior, restrictive emotional expression; duration of 2 or more symptoms during a 1 month period
Schizoaffective Disorder
repeated passage of feces in inappropriate places, either involuntary or intentional
Encopresis
the persistent inability to control urination that is not consistent with one’s development age
Enuresis
the presence of emotional or behavioral symptoms occurring within 3 months of the onset of a stressor, and lasting no more than 6 months; excessive distress, and clinically significant in symptomology
Adjustment Disorder
