Common Drugs

Question 1

anything ending in ——itidine?

eg ranitidine

MOA & Indications

Answer 1

MOA: Reversible block of histamine H2-receptors, decreased H+ secretion by parietal cells.

indications: Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux.

Question 2

Ramipril?

MOA?

anything ending in —–pril

Answer 2

ACE inhibitor

—– inhibits the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme

In plasma and tissue this enzyme catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I to the active vasoconstrictor substance angiotensin II, as well as the breakdown of the active vasodilator bradykinin.

Reduced angiotensin II formation and inhibition of bradykinin breakdown lead to vasodilatation.

Since angiotensin II also stimulates the release of aldosterone, ramiprilat causes a reduction in aldosterone secretion.

Question 3

anything ending in

—-dipine

Answer 3

Dihydropyridine CCB

Hypertension

Question 4

anything ending in

—-statin

Answer 4

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

cholesterol

Question 5

anything ending in

—–olol

Answer 5

Beta blocker (hypertension)

Question 6

Clopidogrel?

indications and MOA?

(eg trade name plavix)

Answer 6

Clopidogrel is indicated in:
• Adult patients suffering from myocardial infarction (from a few days until less than 35 days), ischaemic stroke (from 7 days until less than 6 months) or established peripheral arterial disease.
• Adult patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome:
- Non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction), including patients undergoing a stent placement following percutaneous coronary intervention, in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA).
- ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction, in combination with ASA in medically treated patients eligible for thrombolytic therapy.
-Prevention of atherothrombotic and thromboembolic events in atrial fibrillation

MOA:
Clopidogrel is a prodrug, one of whose metabolites is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Clopidogrel must be metabolised by CYP450 enzymes to produce the active metabolite that inhibits platelet aggregation. The active metabolite of clopidogrel selectively inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet P2Y12 receptor and the subsequent ADP-mediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. Due to the irreversible binding, platelets exposed are affected for the remainder of their lifespan (approximately 7-10 days) and recovery of normal platelet function occurs at a rate consistent with platelet turnover. Platelet aggregation induced by agonists other than ADP is also inhibited by blocking the amplification of platelet activation by released ADP.

Question 7

why is it important to note PLAVIX if patient going for surgery?

Answer 7

HIGH risk of bleeding……..stop plavix before surgery