common drug reactions Flashcards
gentamicin and vancomycin
nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
any abx - commonly broad spectrum cephalosporins or ciprofloxacin
C.diff
ACEi
hypotension
electrolyte abnormalities -hyperkalaemia and hyponatraemia
AKI
dry cough
BB
hypotension
bradycardia
wheeze in asthmatics
worsens acute HF (helps chronic)
CCB
hypotension
bradycardia
peripheral oedema
flushing
diuretics
hypotension
electrolyte abnormalities
AKI
spironolactone - gynaecomastia
heparins
haemorrhage (renal failure or <50kg)
thrombocytopenia
warfarin
haemorrhage - initially procoagulant, takes few days to anticoagulant, so LMWH until INR >2
Aspirin
haemorrhage
peptic ulcers
gastritis
tinnitus in large doses
Digoxin
N+V+D
BLURRED VISION
CONFUSION
DROWSINESS
XANTHOPSIA
amiodarone
pulmonary fibrosis
thyroid disease (hypo and hyper due to structurally being related to iodine)
skin-greying
corneal deposits
lithium
early - tremor
intermediate - tiredness
late- arrhythmias, seizures, coma, renal failure, diabetes insipidus
haloperidol
dyskinesia eg: acute dystonic reactions
drowsiness
clozapine
agranulocytosis
dexamethasone and pred
Stomach ulcers
Thin skin
Edema
Right and Left HF
Osteoporosis
Infection (candida)
Diabetes (ie hyperglycaemia)
cushing’s syndrome
fludrocortisone
hypertension
sodium and water retention
ibuprofen
No urine (renal failure)
Systolic dysfunction (HF)
Asthma
Indigestion
Dyscrasia (clotting abnormality)
simvastatin
myalgia
abdo pain
increased ALT/AST
rhabdo
what are some drugs with narrow therapeutic indices?
warfarin
digoxin
phenytoin
what are some drug types that require careful titration of doses according to effect?
antihypertensive
anti diabetic
what are some enzyme inducers?
PCBRAS
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Barbiturates
Alcohol (chronic)
Sulphonylureas
what are some enzyme inhibitors?
AODEVICES
Allopurinol
Omeprazole
Disulfiram
Erythromycin
Valproate
Isoniazid
Ciprofloxacin
Ethanol (acute)
Sulphonamides
BB and verapamil
profound hypotension and asystole!
GI bleeding causers
NSAIDs
aspiring, ibuprofen
