Common Conditions Part 1 Flashcards
Amenorrhea, nausea, breast changes, skin pigmentation, urinary frequency
“Possible/Presumptive” signs of pregnancy
Fluttering in lower abdomen, enlarged uterus, positive pregnancy test
“Probable” pregnancy signs
Visualization of embryo via ultrasound, fetal heartbeat and movement felt by doctor
“Positive” pregnancy signs
Goodell sign
softening of cervix (4-6 weeks)
Hegar sign
softening of uterine isthmus (6-8 weeks)
McDonal sign
fundus flexes easily on cervix (7-8 weeks)
Braun von Fernwald sign
fullness/softening of fundus at implantation site (7-8 weeks)
Piskacek sign
palpable lateral bulge on uterine cornu (7-8 weeks)
Chadwick sign
bluish color of cervix, vagina, and vulva (8-12 weeks)
Typically begins in late 20s and increases in incidence and severity as menopause approaches
Premenstraul Syndrome (5-7 days before menses)
T/F A healthy lifestyle may help decrease PMS symptoms
Is this even a question? (in addition to obvious habits and foods, B6 and Oil of Primrose have shown positive effects)
Inability to conceive over a period of 1 year
Infertility
Presence/growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus
Endometriosis
Symptoms: Endometriosis
Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, heavy/prolonged menstrual flow
Endometriosis is confirmed via ____
Laproscopy
Pain during intercourse, common with Endometriosis, is known as
Chandelier sign
Age and Ethnicity risk factors for Endometriosis
25-44 - Asian and Caucasian
T/F Delay in diagnosis of Endometriosis is common, sometimes up to 10 years
True
Endometriosis: Patterns of menstruation
Shorter intervals Prolonged flow (>1 weeks) More severe cramps
Endometrial deposits most commonly occur in which 2 locations
Ovary (75%) and Posterior cul-de-sac (70&)
What % of Endometriosis cases recur after treatment?
10-20% w/in 3 years
Endometriosis INCREASES or DECREASES peritoneal fluid levels, leukocytes, prostaglandins, and enzyme levels all w/in the peritoneal fluid
INCREASES
Which infection commonly inflames the Bartholin Gland
Gonorrhea - also staph, E. coli, and chlamydia
Medica tx of inflamed Bartholin Gland
lance and drain
Causative organism: Bacterial vaginosis
Gardnerella vaginalis
Causative organism: Candida vulvovaginitis
Candida albicans
Review Slide 22/23 chart
odors, discharge, confirmation tests
Cervical Cancer is either of which two carcinomas?
Squamous cell carcinoma or Adenocarcinoma
Cervical CA typically originates from a lesion present at which location?
squamocolumnar junction
T/F Precancerous and early cervical cancer changes are detected by physical exam
False - Pap smear
Descent or herniation of uterus into or beyond vagina
Uterine Prolapse
This condition is a result of weakening of the supporting structures of the pelvic floor
Uterine Prolapse
____-degree: cervix remains w/in the vagina
First-degree
____-degree: cervix is at the introitus
Second-degree
____-degree: cervix and vagina drop outside the introitus
Third-degree
absence of menses
Amenorrhea
excessive bleeding during a menstrual cycle
Hypermenorrhea
decreased amount of menstrual flow
Hypomenorrhea
excessive bleeding during a menstrual period that is LONGER in duration than normal
Menorrhagia
menstual bleeding at IRREGULAR intervals, sometimes prolonged but of expected amounts
Metorrhagia
infrequent menstruation
Oligomenorrhea
increase in FREQUENCY of menstruation not consistently associated with ovulation
Polymenorrhea
small amounts of inter menstrual bloody vaginal discharge (pink to dark brown)
Spotting
abnormal uterine bleeding NOT associated with tumor, inflammation, pregnancy, trauma, or hormonal imbalance
DUB - Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
menstrual bleeding occuring 1 year or more after menopause
Postmenopausal bleeding
review slide 31
uterine bleeding w/ associated common causes
