Common cold Flashcards
Symptoms
Blocked/runny nose
Sore throat
Cough
Mild headache or body aches
Sneezing
General Malaise.
Causes
Sinusitis
Influenza
COVID - 19
Pneumonia
Epiglottitis
Tonsillitis
Bronchiolitis
Allergic Rhinitis
Sinustitis
Thick yellow-greenish nasal discharge
Pain/swelling/pressure around eyes, cheeks nose foreheads
Aching of upper jaw/teeth
Reduced sense of smell/taste
Halitosis
Ear pressure
Fever
Influenza
Fever
Chills
Sweating
Severe muscle aches
COVID-19
Fevers
Chills
Loss of smell/taste
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhoea
Skin Rash
Pneumonia
Chest pain
Dyspnoea
Fever
Epiglottitis
Dysphagia
Drooling
Inspiratory Stridor
Dyspnoea
Fever
Restlesness
Tonsillitis
Red swollen tonsils with exudate
Fever
Enlarged lymph nodes
Dysphaga
Muffled voice
Halitosis
Muffled voice
GI upset
Bronchiolitis
Respiratory dizziness
wheezing
Fever
Lethargy, increasing as infection progresses
Bronchiolitis
Respiratory distress
Wheezing
Fever
Lethargy, increasing as infection progresses
Allergic rhinitis
Itching (nose, eyes mouth)
Sneezing
Conjunctivitis
Frontal headache
coughing/wheezing
Pain reduce
Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Naproxen, Aspirin
Sedating antihistamines
Dry respiratory secretion
Brompheniramine
Chlorphenamine
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine
Promethazine
Oral decongestants
Phenylephrine
Pseudoephedrine
Topical Nasal decongestants
Oxymetazoline
Phenylephrine
Tramazoline
Xylometazoline
Intranasal saline
Relieves nasal congestion.
When to refer (adult)
Fever higher than 39 degrees
Fever for more than 5 days
Dehydration
When to refer (children)
Fever over 38 degrees
fever last or rising for more than 2 days
No improvement in symptoms
Ear pain
Excessive irritability
Lack of appetite or poor feeding
Bulging fontanelle
Drowsiness/lack of energy
Non-pharmacological
Rest
Drink plenty of fluid
Avoid respiratory irritants
Humidify the air
Throat lozenges or ice to relieve sore throat and cough.
Paracetamol
Immediate release: 0.5-1g 4-6 hours a day, no more than 8 tablets a day
Safe for pregnancy and breastfeeding
Polaramine/dexchlorpheniramine
Adult 1 tablet (2mg) 4 times daily
6-12 Child half a tablet 4 times daily
2-6 child 1.25-2ml 3-4 times daily
Pregnancy - safe
Breastfeeding - Appears safe
Sudafed PE / Phenylephrine
Adult - 1 tablet every 4 hours
6> 2.5-5mg every 4 ours
Pregnancy - Avoid, especially in first trimester
Breastfeeding - safe but may reduce blood supply
Demazin/Phenylephrine
Adult 1 spray into each nose every 4 hours
Do not use for more than 5 days
