COMM 110 Quiz 2

Question 1

Empirical facts: What are they?

Answer 1

• Empirical facts: data verifiable by observation

Question 2

Established facts: What are they?

Answer 2

• Established facts: data verified consistently by many observers

Question 3

Enumeration: What is it?

Answer 3

○ Enumeration
§ Round your numbers up or down
Compare numbers to something in your listeners experience

Question 4

Mean: what is it?

Answer 4

○ Mean: the average of a group of numbers

Question 5

Median: What is it?

Answer 5

○ Median: the middle number in a set of ranked numbers

Question 6

Mode: what is it?

Answer 6

○ Mode: the number that appears more often in a set of numbers

Question 7

Liberal images vs Metaphorical images: What are they?

Answer 7

Liberal images: show the actual subject
Metaphorical images: imply the subject

Question 8

What are the 6 patterns of organization?

Answer 8

• Consider traditional patterns of organization
  ○ Chronological
  ○ Spatial
  ○ Cause-effect or causal
  ○ Problem-solution
  ○ Pro-con
  - Topical

Question 9

Spatial organization pattern: What is it?

Answer 9

○ Spatial: Arranges points by place or location

Question 10

Topical organization pattern: What is it?

Answer 10

○ Topical: makes each point a subtopic of the subject

Question 11

Connectives

Answer 11

• Connectives: words, phrases, and sentences that lead from one idea to another and tie the speech together

Question 12

Signposts: What are they?

Answer 12

• Signposts: signal the audience about what’s ahead in a speech
  ○ First, next, finally, in addition, for example

Question 13

Transitions (What are they?)

Answer 13

• Transitions: summarize what you’ve covered and where you’ll go next
  ○ Now that we’ve seen x lets look at y

Question 14

Internal preview (What is it?)

Answer 14

• Internal preview: brief in speech summary that foretells the subpoints you’ll develop under a main point

Question 15

Internal summary (What is it?)

Answer 15

• Internal summary: restating a point after you make it

Question 16

The wave pattern (What is it?)

Answer 16

• The wave pattern
  ○ Repeats and varies themes and ideas
  I have a dream speech

Question 17

The spiral pattern (What is it?)

Answer 17

○ The spiral pattern
§ Shows points that increase in magnitude or effect

Question 18

The star pattern (What is it?)

Answer 18

• The star pattern
  ○ Each point is more or less equally weighted

Question 19

What two things does an outline accomplish?

Answer 19

○ To show the speeches structural elements
§ Introduction body conclusion
○ To show the speeches logical elements
§ Major ideas supporting details and the relationships to one another

Question 20

What are the 5 steps to an alternative pattern?

Answer 20

How to create an alternative pattern and sketch the diagram
1. Select an appropriate pattern and sketch the diagram
2. With your pattern in mind, write out your main points
3. Put developmental material under the main point it supports
4. Write out key transition statements
5. Use indentation and numbering only if its helpful

Question 21

Expository speech (What is it?)

Answer 21

○ Expository speech (“speech to teach”) explains an idea in detail

Question 22

What is denotative meaning?

Answer 22

The main meaning of a word without its ideas or feelings applied to it

Question 23

What is connotative meaning?

Answer 23

The feelings or thoughts associated with a word

Question 24

What is an indirect method?

Answer 24

making observations of a group

Question 25

What are situational issues?

Answer 25

Issues with the speaking environment or time your speech takes place.

Question 26

Coordination and subordination (What is it?)

Answer 26

The process of giving each point the same weight and proceeding that way

Question 27

Alteration and indentation (What is it?)

Answer 27

The process of giving points different weights and only having a few that are equal weight.

Question 28

Discourse consistency (What is it?)

Answer 28

Using a repetitive style of main points throughout the speech