COMLEX: craniosacral motions

Question 1

components of the primary respiratory mechanism (PRM)

Answer 1

CNS + CSF + dural membranes + cranial bones + sacrum

Question 2

attachments of the dura mater

Answer 2

foramen magnum, C2, C3, and S2

Question 3

SBS (craniosacral) flexion

Answer 3

flexion of midline bones (sphenoid, occiput, ethmoid, vomer). external rotation of paired bones. sacral base posterior (counternutation). decreased AP diameter of the cranium.

Question 4

SBS (craniosacral) extension

Answer 4

extension of midline bones. internal rotation of paired bones. sacral base anterior (nutation). increased AP diameter of the cranium.

Question 5

torsion

Answer 5

named for the greater wing of the sphenoid that is more superior. AP axis, sphenoid and occiput rotate in opposite directions.

Question 6

sidebending/rotation

Answer 6

AP axis, sphenoid and occiput rotate in same direction. 2 parallel vertical axes, one through foramen magnum and one through center of the sphenoid.

Question 7

flexion and extension

Answer 7

extension = SBS deviates caudad. flexion = SBS deviates cephalad.

Question 8

vertical strain

Answer 8

superior = sphenoid deviates cephalad. inferior = sphenoid deviates caudad. rotation about 2 transverse axes, one through center of sphenoid and one superior to the occiput.

Question 9

lateral strain

Answer 9

sphenoid mediates laterally in relation to the occiput; named for direction of sphenoid deviation. rotation about 2 vertical axes, one through center of sphenoid and other through foramen magnum.

Question 10

compression

Answer 10

sphenoid and occiput pushed together. can result in severely decreased CRI. usually due to trauma, especially to the back of the head.

Question 11

vagal somatic dysfunction

Answer 11

can be due to OA, AA, and/or C2 dysfunction

Question 12

dysfunction of CN VIII

Answer 12

tinnitus, vertigo, or hearing loss

Question 13

occipital condylar compression (CN XII)

Answer 13

poor suckling in the newborn; dysfunctions of CN IX and X at the jugular foramen can also cause this.

Question 14

CV4 bulb decompression

Answer 14

increases the amplitude of CRI

Question 15

finger placement of the vault hold

Answer 15

index finger on greater wing of sphenoid. middle finger on temporal bone in front of ear. ring finger on mastoid region of temporal bone. little finger on squamous portion of occiput.