Comfort

Question 1

Antecedent

Answer 1

Effective circulatory system
Able to discern from comfort to discomfort
Without noxious stimuli
Intact neurological/ sensory system

Question 2

Attributes

Answer 2

Reports being comfortable
Indicates pain scale zero
relaxed facial expression and body posture
Vital signs WNL for baseline

Question 3

Antecedent

Answer 3

Effective circulatory system
Able to discern from comfort to discomfort
Without noxious stimuli
Intact neurological/ sensory system

Question 4

Gate theory

Answer 4

Open close gates
Nociceptive receptors are fat
Pain receptors are thin

Question 5

Physiologic process of Nociceptive pain

Answer 5

Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation

Question 6

Pain

Answer 6

Wherever the experiencing person says it is, existing wherever he says it does

Question 7

Pain

Answer 7

5 vital sign

Pain should be assess
Q1h or less when pain is present

Question 8

Risk factors

Answer 8

Increase risk of under treatment of pain in older neonates and persons unable to report pain

Question 9

Acute pain

Answer 9

Protective cause on set can be

Is well defined

Question 10

Nociceptive

Answer 10

Normal pain transmission from surgery trauma burns and tumor growth

Question 11

Neuropathic pain

Sharp burning shooting electrical shocks

Answer 11

Results from abnormal processing of sensory input as seen in nerve damage and in PANTOM LIMB PAIN

Question 12

Somatic

Answer 12

Comes from bone joint muscle skin or connective tissue

Question 13

Visceral pain

Answer 13

Comes from the organs. Pain are described as aching an well localized or cramping an poorly localized

Question 14

Neuropathic pain

Answer 14

Centrally pain.

Pain from peripheral or central nerve injury

Question 15

Peripherally generated pain

Answer 15

Painful polyneuropathies such as diabetic neuropathy often described as pins and needles sensation

Question 16

Mixed pain syndrome

Answer 16

Unique with multiple underlying and poorly understood mechanisms

Fibromyalgia

Question 17

Pain threshold

Answer 17

Amount of stimulus needed to feel pain.

Generally same for all people

Question 18

Pain reaction

Answer 18

Autonomic and behavioral responses to pain.

Behavioral responses are often absent in chronic pain. THEY DON’T HAVE THE SAME AUTONOMIC RESPONSE

Question 19

Pain tolerance

Answer 19

The maximum pain a person is willing to endure

Differs from person to person

Question 20

Pain intensity scales

Answer 20

0-10 numerical rating scale

Wong-baker faces pain rating scale PEOPLE WHO Don’t COMMUNICATE WELL WITH

Visual analog scale

Payen behavioral pain scale

PAINAD

Question 21

Pain descriptions

Answer 21

Sharp 
Searing 
Shooting 
Burning 
Crushing 
Cramping

Question 22

Addiction

Answer 22

Compulsive use and craving for a substance. Is a psychological response

Question 23

Physical dependence

Answer 23

Appearance of withdrawal symptoms is the substance is abruptly stopped

Question 24

Tolerance

Answer 24

Decreasing effect of the drug overtime

Question 25

Physical dependence and tolerance

Answer 25

Expected after prolonged opioid administration

Question 26

Nurse. | Role of care

Answer 26

``` Accept the patient's report of pain or discomfort Pt teaching Prevent pain/ discomfort Non-pharmacologic measures Pain medications ```

Question 27

Comfort care and pain management

Answer 27

Oral medications IV meds Topical analgesics

Question 28

Analgesics

Answer 28

Analgesics Opioids non-Opioids and NSAID Adjuvant: a thing added to modify the effects of something ( it makes it better)

Question 29

Side effects of opioids

Answer 29

``` CONSTIPATION Nausea Vomiting Sedations Pruritus Urinary retention Confusion Respiratory depression ``` NALOXEN (Narcan). opioids antagonist

Question 30

Osteoarthritis

Answer 30

Is a non-inflammatory degenerative disorder of the joints Most common type of arthritis

Question 31

Nursing assessment of osteoarthritis

Answer 31

``` Pain Functional limitations ROM joint alignment Home barriers ADL ability ```

Question 32

Osteoarthritis chronic pain non surgical management

Answer 32

``` Rest Immobility Weight management Heat/ice Lidocaine patch Topical analgesics Tylenon NSAID (naproxen) ```

Question 33

Degenerative disc disease

Answer 33

Progressive degeneration is a normal process of aging and results in the intervertebral disks losing their elasticity flexibility and shock absorbing capabilities

Question 34

Back pain assessment

Answer 34

``` Pain Score Hx Location Description Associated symptoms posture Vertebral alignment Sensory alterations ```

Question 35

Degenerative disks disease | Non-surgical intervention

Answer 35

``` Positioning Activity restrictions Medications Tylenol. (NSAID) Muscle relaxers Steroids Adjuvant (Neurontin) Heat/cold Physical therapy Weight control Complementary therapies ```

Question 36

Degenerative disks disease | Surgical intervention

Answer 36

Laminecto

Question 37

Acute pain

Answer 37

Pain is expected after a surgical procedure b/c of the surgical trauma and tissue response Muscle spasms occur after a surgery

Question 38

Pot-op pain management

Answer 38

``` Ice packs Positioning Opioids NSAIDS Local anesthesia Encourage early mobility ```

Question 39

Procedural pain | Nursing intervention

Answer 39

Treat pain or expected with analgesics prior to procedure Pt education about pain prior assess location onset duration

Question 40

Comfort

Answer 40

State of physical ease

Question 41

Primary prevention

Answer 41

Health promotion disease prevention Pt education:assessment of discomfort Pain identification ``` Analgesics Relaxation techniques Guided imagery Proper body alignment Thermal measures Mind body therapies ```