Combustion and Corrosion Flashcards
What are the two main types of chemical reactions?
Endothermic and Exothermic reactions
Endothermic reactions absorb energy, while exothermic reactions release energy.
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that absorbs energy from surroundings
Products have higher stored chemical energy than the reactants.
Typically chemical bonds are being formed
Example: Photosynthesis, Ice packs (Ammonium nitrate + Water), Fireworks.
Examples include photosynthesis and ice packs.
What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction that releases energy into surroundings
Reactants have higher stored chemical energy than the products.
Typically chemical bonds are being broken
Example: Combustion of propane, Cellular respiration, Burning oxygen gas.
Examples include combustion of propane and cellular respiration.
Define combustion.
A chemical process where a substance reacts quickly with oxygen, producing heat and light.
What three elements are required for combustion to occur?
Heat, fuel, and oxygen.
What is complete combustion?
Combustion with an unlimited supply of oxygen producing carbon dioxide and water.
Example: Methane + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + Water
What is incomplete combustion?
Combustion with a limited supply of oxygen producing carbon monoxide, carbon, and water.
Methane + Oxygen gas -> Carbon monoxide + Water
Methane + Oxygen gas -> Carbon + Water
What are fuels?
Substances that burn to release energy, containing hydrocarbons.
Give examples of common fuels.
Natural gas (methane), propane, and butane.
What is the environmental impact of fossil fuel combustion?
Releases carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas contributing to climate change as the gasses traps heat in the environment.
What is a dangerous by-product of incomplete combustion?
Carbon monoxide.
What are the characteristics of carbon monoxide?
Toxic, odorless, and colorless gas that can cause poisoning.
What is corrosion?
A chemical reaction where metals deteriorate due to reactions with environmental elements.
Provide two examples of corrosion.
Iron forms rust (Iron + Oxygen -> Iron oxide).
Copper: Forms a green coating called verdigris.
What is the traditional method of firestick farming?
A technique using controlled burns to manage land.
What are the benefits of firestick farming?
- Cycling soil nutrients
- Reducing wildfires
- Reducing carbon emissions
How has firestick farming influenced modern fire management policy?
It has highlighted prescribed burns and fuel management as effective wildfire mitigation strategies.
Fill in the blank: Combustion is a chemical process that produces _______ and _______.
heat and light.
True or False: Incomplete combustion only produces carbon dioxide and water.
False.
3 ways to manage the risk of carbon monoxide
proper ventilation, regular maintenance of heating systems, and using carbon monoxide detectors.
