Chemical Reactions Flashcards
What are reactants in a chemical reaction?
The original substance(s) before the chemical reaction
What are products in a chemical reaction?
The new substance(s) formed by the chemical reaction
How is a word equation written?
Identify the reactants and products, then write the word equation
What does the Conservation of Matter Law state?
Matter (atoms) cannot be created nor destroyed
What must be true about the total mass of reactants and products according to the Conservation of Mass Law?
The total mass (grams) of reactants must equal the total mass (grams) of the products
What is an ionic bond?
.Metals lose electrons to become positively charged cations, and non-metals gain electrons to become negatively charged anions
What is a covalent bond?
Formation: Between two nonmetals. Atoms share electrons to fill their outer shells
What is a metallic bond?
- Formation: In metallic substances where electrons are delocalized over a lattice of metal atoms
What forms cations and anions in ionic bonding?
Cations (+) form when an electron is lost, and anions (-) form when an electron is gained
What is the general charge of an ionic compound?
Neutral
How are ionic compounds named?
By writing the name of the cation first followed by the name of the anion
What suffix is added to non-metals when they are ionised?
-ide
What prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms in covalent compounds?
- mon- * di- * tri- * tetra- * penta- * hexa- * hepta- * octa- * nona- * deca-
Fill in the blank: The process of balancing an ionic compound involves balancing the total charge of the _______ and _______.
cations, anions
What is the first step in writing a balanced equation?
Write an unbalanced equation
What is the chemical formula for water?
H2O
What is the chemical formula for ammonia?
NH3
How do you write the final formula for an ionic compound?
Leave out all charges
True or False: Solid ionic compounds do not dissolve in water.
False
What is the key concept in writing chemical equations?
Using chemical formulas in chemical equations
What should you do after identifying unbalanced elements in a chemical equation?
Balance them
Example of a word equation: Sodium reacts with iron chloride to form _______.
sodium chloride and iron
What is a common covalent compound represented by the formula CH4?
Methane
What is the process called when atoms share electrons to acquire a full outer shell?
Covalent bonding
