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A Level Chemistry > colours and conditions > Flashcards

colours and conditions Flashcards

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1
Q

group 1 carbonate thermal decomposition

A

thermally stable so dont decompose

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2
Q

group 1 nitrate thermal decomposition

A

2MNO3 -> 2MNO2 + O2

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3
Q

group 2 carbonate thermal decomposition

A

MCO3 -> MO + CO2

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4
Q

group 2 nitrate thermal decomposition

A

2M(NO3)2 -> 2MO + 4NO2 + O2

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5
Q

NO2 observations

A

brown gas

toxic so must be done in fume cupboard

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6
Q

Li flame colour

A

red

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7
Q

Na flame colour

A

yellow

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8
Q

K flame colour

A

lilac

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9
Q

Rb flame colour

A

red/violet

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10
Q

Cs flame colour

A

Blue/violet

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11
Q

Be flame colour

A

no colour

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12
Q

Mg flame colour

A

no colour

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13
Q

Ca flame colour

A

brick red

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14
Q

Sr flame colour

A

crimson

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15
Q

Ba flame test

A

apple green

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16
Q

Cl colour in water and hexane

A

colourless, colourless

17
Q

Br colour in water and hexane

A

yellow/orange, orange/red

18
Q

I colour in water and hexane

A

brown, pink/violet

19
Q

halogen disproportionation reaction with cold alkali

A

2NaOH + Cl2 -> NaClO + NaCl +H2O

20
Q

halogen disproportionation reaction with hot alkali

A

6NaOH + 3Cl2 -> NaClO3 + 5NaCl + 3H2O

21
Q

Chlorine mixed with water

A

Cl2 + H2O <=> HCl + HClO

HClO + H2O <=> ClO- + H3O+

22
Q

reaction between KF and H2SO4

A

KF + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HF

23
Q

reaction between KCl and H2SO4

A

KCl + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HCl

24
Q

reaction between KBr and H2SO4

A

KBr + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HBr

2HBr + H2SO4 -> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O

25
Q

reaction between KI and H2SO4

A

KI + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HI
2HI + H2SO4 -> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O
6HI + SO2 -> H2S + 3I2 +2H2O

26
Q

test for ammonium ions

A

NH4+ + OH- -> NH3 + H2O

add sodium hydroxide and heat mixture. Gas makes damp red litmus paper blue

27
Q

test for sulfate ions

A

Ba2+ + SO42- -> BaSO4

add HCl and barium chloride solution. White precipitate

28
Q

methyl orange colour

A

yellow in alkali

red in acid

29
Q

phenolphthalein colour

A

red in alkali

colourless in acid

30
Q

thermal cracking conditions

A

1000*C 70atm

31
Q

catalytic cracking conditions

A

zeolite catalyst
slight pressure
450*C

32
Q

ctatlyst used in reformation

A

platinum

33
Q

catalytic converter equation

A

2NO + 2CO -> N2 + 2CO2

34
Q

adding hydrogen to alkenes

A

150*C with Nickel catalyst

35
Q

alkenes to alcohols

A

steam at 300*C
60-70atm
Phosphoric (V) acid catalyst

36
Q

oxidation of alkenes

A

acidified potassium manganate(VII)
purple to colourless
alkene to diol

37
Q

halogenalkane elimination

A

react with warm alkali (KOH) dissolved in ethanol heated under reflux. alkene water and potassium halide are products formed

A Level Chemistry (11 decks)

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