colours and conditions

Question 1

group 1 carbonate thermal decomposition

Answer 1

thermally stable so dont decompose

Question 2

group 1 nitrate thermal decomposition

Answer 2

2MNO3 -> 2MNO2 + O2

Question 3

group 2 carbonate thermal decomposition

Answer 3

MCO3 -> MO + CO2

Question 4

group 2 nitrate thermal decomposition

Answer 4

2M(NO3)2 -> 2MO + 4NO2 + O2

Question 5

NO2 observations

Answer 5

brown gas

toxic so must be done in fume cupboard

Question 6

Li flame colour

Answer 6

red

Question 7

Na flame colour

Answer 7

yellow

Question 8

K flame colour

Answer 8

lilac

Question 9

Rb flame colour

Answer 9

red/violet

Question 10

Cs flame colour

Answer 10

Blue/violet

Question 11

Be flame colour

Answer 11

no colour

Question 12

Mg flame colour

Answer 12

no colour

Question 13

Ca flame colour

Answer 13

brick red

Question 14

Sr flame colour

Answer 14

crimson

Question 15

Ba flame test

Answer 15

apple green

Question 16

Cl colour in water and hexane

Answer 16

colourless, colourless

Question 17

Br colour in water and hexane

Answer 17

yellow/orange, orange/red

Question 18

I colour in water and hexane

Answer 18

brown, pink/violet

Question 19

halogen disproportionation reaction with cold alkali

Answer 19

2NaOH + Cl2 -> NaClO + NaCl +H2O

Question 20

halogen disproportionation reaction with hot alkali

Answer 20

6NaOH + 3Cl2 -> NaClO3 + 5NaCl + 3H2O

Question 21

Chlorine mixed with water

Answer 21

Cl2 + H2O <=> HCl + HClO

HClO + H2O <=> ClO- + H3O+

Question 22

reaction between KF and H2SO4

Answer 22

KF + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HF

Question 23

reaction between KCl and H2SO4

Answer 23

KCl + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HCl

Question 24

reaction between KBr and H2SO4

Answer 24

KBr + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HBr

2HBr + H2SO4 -> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O

Question 25

reaction between KI and H2SO4

Answer 25

KI + H2SO4 -> KHSO4 + HI 2HI + H2SO4 -> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O 6HI + SO2 -> H2S + 3I2 +2H2O

Question 26

test for ammonium ions

Answer 26

NH4+ + OH- -> NH3 + H2O | add sodium hydroxide and heat mixture. Gas makes damp red litmus paper blue

Question 27

test for sulfate ions

Answer 27

Ba2+ + SO42- -> BaSO4 | add HCl and barium chloride solution. White precipitate

Question 28

methyl orange colour

Answer 28

yellow in alkali | red in acid

Question 29

phenolphthalein colour

Answer 29

red in alkali | colourless in acid

Question 30

thermal cracking conditions

Answer 30

1000*C 70atm

Question 31

catalytic cracking conditions

Answer 31

zeolite catalyst slight pressure 450*C

Question 32

ctatlyst used in reformation

Answer 32

platinum

Question 33

catalytic converter equation

Answer 33

2NO + 2CO -> N2 + 2CO2

Question 34

adding hydrogen to alkenes

Answer 34

150*C with Nickel catalyst

Question 35

alkenes to alcohols

Answer 35

steam at 300*C 60-70atm Phosphoric (V) acid catalyst

Question 36

oxidation of alkenes

Answer 36

acidified potassium manganate(VII) purple to colourless alkene to diol

Question 37

halogenalkane elimination

Answer 37

react with warm alkali (KOH) dissolved in ethanol heated under reflux. alkene water and potassium halide are products formed