Colonopathies

Question 1

Cause of Colon Cancer that results in hundreds of polyps and

Answer 1

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

Question 2

Recommended Treatment for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis?

Answer 2

Subtotal Colectomy

Question 3

Cause of Colon Cancer that usually arises in the proximal colon without polyps?

Answer 3

Hereditary Non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer (Lynch Syndrome)

Question 4

Cause of Colon Cancer that also associated with bone and soft tissue cancer?

Answer 4

Gardner Syndrome

Question 5

Cause of Colon Cancer that is also associated with hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation of mouth, hands, and genitals?

Answer 5

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Question 6

Cause of malignant colonic adenomas that is associated with CNS tumors?

Answer 6

Turcot Syndrome

Question 7

Cause of polyps in stomach, small intestine, and colon that leads to rectal prolapse, rectal bleeding, and failure to thrive?

Answer 7

Juvenile Polyposis

Question 8

Recommended screening for FAP?

Answer 8

Patients with first-degree relatives with FAP should be screened yearly from age 10-12. Screening can be stopped if no adenomas appear by age 40.

Question 9

Describe the presentation of colorectal cancer in the right colon vs left. colon.

Answer 9

Right Colon- Bleeding –> Fatigue from Anemia

Left Colon- Obstruction–> Distention, Vomiting, Pain

Question 10

Most common site of metastasis in Colorectal Cancer?

Answer 10

Liver

Question 11

Biomarker used to screen for re-occurrence of Colorectal cancer?

Answer 11

CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen)

Question 12

Best initial testing for Crohn’s Disease?

Answer 12

Endoscopy with mucosal biopsy

Question 13

Extraintestinal Complications of Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis?

Answer 13

• Ankylosing spondylitis (arthritis of the spine)
• Uveitis
• Pyodermagangrenosum
• Erythema nodosum
• Calcium oxalate kidney stones
• Gallstones

Question 14

Treatment for mild to moderate Crohn’s?

Answer 14

5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA): Sulfasalazine, Mesalamine

• When resitant use antibiotics: Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole

Question 15

Treatment for severe Crohn’s?

Answer 15

Anti-metabolites (Methotrexate, 6-MP + steriods)

Biologics (Infliximab, Adalimumab)

Question 16

Presentation of Crohn’s Disease?

Answer 16

Intermittent, crampy abdominal pain, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea

Question 17

Endoscopy results in Crohn’s?

Answer 17

• Cobblestoning of intestinal wall
• Strictures
• Fistulas
• Skip Lesions ( anywhere from small intestine to rectum)
• Pseudopolyps
• Transmural Inflammation

Question 18

Clinical Presentation of Ulcerative Colitis?

Answer 18

• Hematochezia (bloody diarrhea)
• Abdominal pain
• Frequent, small volume bowel movements
• Rectal mucus discharge
• Tenesmus (Feeling of unemptied bowels)

Question 19

Primary Biliary Cholangitis is an complication of UC or Crohn’s?

Answer 19

Ulcerative Colitiis?

Question 20

Diagnostic test for Ulcerative Colitis?

Answer 20

Colonoscopy with mucosal biopsy

Question 21

Results of colonoscopy in UC?

Answer 21

• Friable, erythematous mucosa
• +/- Ulcerations
• Pseudopolyps
• Infected area starts at rectum and proceeds into colon

Question 22

Abnormal Laboratory Findings in UC?

Answer 22

• Microcytic anemia

- Incr. ESR

Question 23

Treatment for UC?

Answer 23

• Suppositories/ Enema

- 5-ASA