Colonic Polyps: First Aid (Abbreviated from Nelson)

Question 1

What 2 conditions are associated with Hamartomatous colonic polyps?

Answer 1

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Juvenile polyposis

Question 2

Mutations in what 2 genes are involved in adenomatous colonic polyps?

Answer 2

APC and KRAS

Question 3

Which histological type of adenomatous colonic polyp has the highest malignant potential?

Answer 3

Villous

Question 4

Mutated gene in a serrated colonic polyp?

Answer 4

BRAF

Question 5

Gene that APC tumor suppressor gene is on?

Answer 5

5q

Question 6

Thousands of polyps arising after puberty…always involves rectum

Answer 6

FAP Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

Question 7

FAP + osseous/soft tissue tumors, supernumerary teeth…retinal pigment hypertrophy

Answer 7

Gardner Syndrome

Question 8

Brain tumor + FAP

Answer 8

Turcot Syndrome

Question 9

What types of cancers are patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome at increased risk of?

Answer 9

Colorectal
Breast
Stomach
Small bowel
Pancreatic

Question 10

Disease with hyperpigmented mouth, lips, hands, genitalia?

Answer 10

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Question 11

Where are the hamartomatous polyps in Juvenile polyposis syndrome?

Answer 11

Colon
Stomach
Small bowel

Question 12

Juvenile polyposis syndrome is associated with increased risk of what?

Answer 12

Colorectal carcinoma!

Question 13

What is always involved in Lynch Syndrome?

Answer 13

Proximal colon

Question 14

What cancers are associated with lynch syndrome?

Answer 14

Endometrial
Ovarian
Skin

Question 15

What is the 3-2-1 rule for Lynch syndrome?

Answer 15

3 relatives with Lynch syndrome
Associated cancers across 2 generations
1 of whom must be diagnosed before age 50!

Question 16

Where are the majority of hyperplastic polyps?

Answer 16

Rectosigmoid area