Colonial America Flashcards
Leader of Puritans who came to Plymouth in 1630 and would be the governor of Massachusetts until 1649.
John Winthrop
Type of family most often found among Native Americans before contact with Europeans.
Extended Family
Puritan dissenter who believed in the separation of Church and State and went on to settle Rhode Island.
Roger Williams
English Commander in Ireland who is known for his brutality against the natives (i.e. lined the path to his headquarters with Irish heads).
Sir Humphery Gilbert
Name of religious document that Puritans adopted in 1662 so that children of people who were not saints/the elect, could be baptized in the church.
Half-way Covenant
Region in Northern Ireland where the English were able to establish Protestant control, and where many Scottish would settle in the early 1600s.
Ulster
Military dictator of England (Puritan) who seized power after the execution of Charles I.
Oliver Cromwell
Term used to believe the belief in the superiority of one’s own nation, ethnic group or culture.
Ethnocentrism
Native American who after being captured by the Spanish, returned to New England and helped the Pilgrims survive their first year in the New World.
Squanto
Was given the Maryland Charter and as proprietor of Maryland offered religious toleration for Roman Catholics in this colony.
Cecil Calvert
The major proprietor of Georgia who intended to make the colony a haven for the debtors and paupers who filled the English jails.
James Olgelthrope
First college to be established in the English colonies.
Harvard
Country which would establish settlements in the Southwest and in Florida.
Spain
Country which felt slighted by the Pope’s division of the New World because they were left in control of only Brazil.
Portugal
Spanish Monarch who sent his mighty Armada to destroy the English fleet in 1588. (The English victory would insure England’s independence and demonstrated that they would be a contender for colonies in the future).
Philip II
Arrived in Jamestown in 1608 and under his leadership brought discipline to the settlers and was a skilled negotiator with Native Americans.
John Smith
Ruler of England in the Sixteenth Century who broke with the Catholic Church because the Pope had refused to annul his first marriage.
Henry VIII
Name given to the Church of England. This would be the dominant religion in the Chesapeake Region and in the British Caribbean.
Anglicanism
The approximate population of the indigenous people who inhabited the Western Hemisphere before the arrival of Columbus.
50-90 Million
Name given to the split in the Christian Church in Sixteenth Century Europe that resulted in the creation of the Protestant faith.
Reformation