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His-131 > Civil War and Reconstruction > Flashcards

Civil War and Reconstruction Flashcards

1
Q

President, who though a slave owner, argued that states should decide for themselves if they wanted to be a slave state or a free state, which meant the federal government wasn’t deciding the issue for them. This outraged southerners because they wanted to expand slavery in the new territory acquired from Mexico.

A

Zachary Taylor

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2
Q

Senator from Kentucky who proposed a compromise between the Free-Soilers, and those that wanted to extend the Missouri Compromise to the Pacific and those that wanted to allow popular sovereignty.

A

Henry Clay

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3
Q

Black female abolitionist who stirred audiences with her personal stories about the horrors of slavery. Famous for her “Ain’t I a woman” speech which merged both anti-slavery and women’s rights together.

A

Sojourner Truth

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4
Q

An escaped slave from Maryland who made twenty trips back into slave territory to free family members and other slaves.

A

Harriet Tubman

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5
Q

Man who led raid on federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Va. in 1859 hoping to start a rebellion of slaves.

A

John Brown

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6
Q

Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

Harriet Beecher Stowe

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7
Q

Series of laws passed by Congress which included such provisions as California being admitted into the Union as a free state, the abolition of the slave trade in DC and the enactment of a more effective fugitive slave law.

A

Compromise of 1850

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8
Q

Political party formed in 1854 to stop the expansion of slavery into the territories.

A

Republican Party

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9
Q

Name of the “idea” used by individuals such as Senator Cass of Michigan and Senator Stephen A Douglas of Illinois, who argued that the right to decide whether or not slavery should exist in a territory, belonged to the people of the Territory itself.

A

Popular Sovereignty

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10
Q

Slave who led a revolt in Virginia in 1831 which resulted in over fifty whites being killed before he was captured.

A

Nat Turner

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11
Q

A freed slave who as a prominent preacher in Charleston quoted from the Declaration of Independence to stir up support for freedom among slaves and would be arrested and hung for planning a slave revolt in 1822.

A

Denmark Vesey

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12
Q

One of two sisters from SC (father had been a slave owner) who spoke out against slavery and for women’s rights.

A

Sarah Grimke

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13
Q

Militant Abolitionist who published the Liberator.

A

Wiliam Lloyd Garrison

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14
Q

Law passed by Congress in 1854 which extended the principle of “popular sovereignty” for the territories and caused violence to erupt as a result of attempts to gain a majority vote.

A

Kansas-Nebraska Act

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15
Q

Name given to a type of small non slave holding farmer, though could be located anywhere, were mostly found in the upland regions of the seaboard South, they populated the piedmont of Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia.

A

Yeomen

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16
Q

Events that occurred before the Senatorial election in Illinois in 1858. The participants would become national figures concerning the issue of slavery in the territories.

A

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

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17
Q

Supreme Court Decision where Chief Justice Roger Taney stated that African-Americans were not citizens and the Congress did not have the right to exclude slavery in the territories thus ruling the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.

A

Dred Scott v. Sanford

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18
Q

A loose organization of sympathetic abolitionists who tried to help slaves escape to the north. Some individuals would travel south to help slaves escape.

A

Underground Railroad

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19
Q

Political party evolved out of a secret nativist organization founded in 1849. They attempted to rid the US of immigrant and Catholic political influence by pressuring the existing parties to nominate only native-born Protestants to office.

A

Know-Nothings

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20
Q

Election where the Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln defeated a split Democratic Party insuring southerner states would secede from the Union.

A

Election of 1860

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21
Q

Massachusetts Senator who was brutally beaten on the Senate chamber floor by an irate SC Representative Preston Brooks.

A

Charles Sumner

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22
Q

First shots of the Civil War were fired here on April 12, 1861.

A

Fort Sumter

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23
Q

The Border state whose loyalty was most vital for the protection of Washington DC.

A

Maryland

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24
Q

Which region had the advantage of a larger population during Civil war and more resources including manufacturing and finacing?

A

South

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25
Q

The first important battle of the Civil War. It was won by the Confederacy in Virginia on July 21, 1861.

A

1st Manassas

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26
Q

President of the Confederacy

A

Jefferson Davis

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27
Q

Vice-President of the Confederacy

A

Alexander Stephens

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28
Q

President from 1861-1865

A

Abraham Lincoln

29
Q

President from 1845-1849

A

James Polk

30
Q

President from 1789-1797

A

George Washington

31
Q

President from 1829-1837

A

Andrew Jackson

32
Q

President from1857-1861

A

James Buchanan

33
Q

President from 1849-1850

A

Zachary Taylor

34
Q

President from 1801-1809

A

Thomas Jefferson

35
Q

Northern Democrats who opposed Lincoln’s war efforts.

A

Copperheads

36
Q

Years of the Civil War

A

1861-1865

37
Q

Name given to members of Congress who opposed the Presidential Plan for Reconstruction because the plan did not contain provisions to protect the rights of the Freedmen.

A

Radical Republicans

38
Q

Side which was hit harder by inflation during the Civil War.

A

Confederacy

39
Q

Helped get medical supplies to Union forces, and later founded the American Red Cross.

A

Clara Barton

40
Q

Finally Lincoln found a General he could depend upon. This was the last Commanding General of the Union Army and would accept Gen. Lee’s surrender.

A

Ulysses S. Grant

41
Q

Decorated regiment comprised of African-American soldiers led by Colonel Shaw, who fought a bitter battle for Fort Wagner.

A

54th Mass. Infantry

42
Q

Issued by President Lincoln in January of 1863, which declared “forever free” all slaves in areas of rebellion.

A

Emancipation Proclamation

43
Q

Most deadly battle of the Civil War which would be considered a turning point of the war. The Confederates would never again invade the North and President Lincoln gave his most memorable speech commemorating the dead on this battlefield.

A

Gettysburg

44
Q

Union General who after taking Atlanta would march his army across Georgia on his “March to the Sea”, leaving a path of destruction 60 miles wide all the way to Savannah.

A

William T. Sherman

45
Q

Site of General Robert E Lee’s surrender on April 9, 1865

A

Appomattox Court House

46
Q

Federal agency created before the war ended to help provide relief to newly freed slaves. This organization though poorly funded and given an enormous task was successful in providing schools and health care to many before it was ended in 1870.

A

Freedmen’s Bureau

47
Q

Passed by Southern legislatures immediately after the Civil War. These restricted former slaves’ personal liberty (i.e. racial segregation. Prohibited jury service by blacks and had economic restrictions) and led moderate Republicans to abandon President Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction.

A

Black Codes

48
Q

Constitutional Amendment which granted citizenship to Black Americans (i.e. overturned Dred Scott).

A

Fourteenth Amendment

49
Q

Constitutional Amendment which abolished slavery.

A

Thirteenth Amendment

50
Q

Constitutional Amendment which recognized the right to vote for black males.

A

Fifteenth Amendment

51
Q

Terrorist organization formed in 1867 to end Republican rule and restore white supremacy in the South.

A

Ku Klux Klan

52
Q

First President to be tried for impeachment. Was acquitted in the Senate by one vote.

A

Andrew Johnson

53
Q

President during Reconstruction whose name would be synonymous with corruption, graft and scandal in politics.

A

Ulysses S. Grant

54
Q

State with a majority of black legislators during Reconstruction.

A

South Carolina

55
Q

Economic system where landowners subdivided plantations into smaller farms and rented the land to freedmen under annual leases for a share of the crops or profits of the crops.

A

Sharecropping

56
Q

Years of Reconstruction.

A

1865-1877

57
Q

A Radical Republican who fought for land reform until his death shortly after the implementation of the Congressional Reconstruction plan.

A

Thaddeus Stevens

58
Q

Radical Republican who had long fought for the rights of Black Americans and who convinced suffragettes that they should put aside their struggle for the right to vote to insure that Black men would get Constitutional recognition in the Fifteenth Amendment.

A

Charles Sumner

59
Q

Act of Congress which prohibited the president from removing any federal official without consent of the Senate (March 1867).

A

Office of Tenure Act

60
Q

Derogatory name given to Northerners who came South during Reconstruction allegedly seeking wealth and power.

A

Carpetbaggers

61
Q

Election which resulted in white southerners accepting the Republican candidate, Hayes, who won less popular votes and less Electoral College votes, in exchange for federal troops being pulled out of the south. Thus ending Reconstruction and bringing in a shameful period of cruel and violent segregation that would last for over eighty years and would help create institutions embedded with racism that still challenge America today.

A

Election of 1876

62
Q

President from 1865-1869

A

Andrew Johnson

63
Q

1789-1797

A

George Washington

64
Q

1829-1837

A

Andrew Jackson

65
Q

1861-1865

A

Abraham Lincoln

66
Q

1869-1877

A

Ulysses S. Grant

67
Q

1801-1809

A

Thomas Jefferson

68
Q

1845-1849

A

James K Polk

69
Q

1809-1817

A

James Madison

His-131 (3 decks)

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