Colon, Rectum, Anus Flashcards
Parts of the Large Intestine
Cecum, appendix, colon (A, T, D, S), Rectum, Anus
Movement of the colon
Gastrocolic reflex
What gives you the urge to defecate?
Stretching or distention (stimulus) of the segments of the rectum
An exaggerated gastrocolic response wherein a person defecates right after eating
irritable bowel syndrome
The act of expelling wastes from the digestive tract
Defecation
the gas from stool due to what?
flatus due to sulfur containing compounds
Derivatives of the foregut
stomach to middle duodenum, liver, pancreas, spleen
derivatives of the midgut
middle duodenum to left colic flexure
derivatives of the hindgut
left colic flexure to rectum
axis during gut rotation and vascularization: foregut
celiac trunk
axis during gut rotation and vascularization: midgut
superior mesenteric artery
axis during gut rotation and vascularization: hindgut
inferior mesenteric artery
Pain localization: foregut
epigastric
pain localization: midgut
periumbilical region
pain localization: hindgut
hypogastric region
T/F Large intestine is about 1/5 the length of the SI
True. it is around 5 feet long
How many liters of chyme enter the cecum each day
1L
how much chyme is excreted in the feces?
100cc about 1/10 water
is the semi-liquid acid mass formed when food passes from the stomach to the small intestine
chyme
Absorption of water and electrolytes happen where and what are its parts
right colon: from ascending colon to midpoint of transverse
Propulsion and storage of unabsorbed fecal water for evacuation and what are its parts
Left colon: from midpt of transverse colon to the sigmoid colon
Right colon is derived from
midgut
left colon is derived from
hindgut
right colon has a _____ wall than left colon
thinner
Right colon has _____ lumen than left colon
Larger
Right colon has more or less fluid than left colon?
More
Thickened bands of smooth muscle
Teaniae coli
Longitudinal layer of the colon
teaniae coli
Teaniae coli: complete or incomplete
complete
Three bands of the teaniae coli
mesocolic: transverse and sigmoid
omental: appendices epiploicae
free: no attachment
outpouchings of the colon
haustra
in between teaniae coli
haustra
why are haustra formed?
teaniae coli are shorter than the intestines
Distinguish the colon from the small intestine in an xray or endoscope
plicae circulares (reaches the whole circumference of the SI) unlike haustrae
small fatty like omentum-like projectiuons distributed near the area of teaniae coli along the wall of colon
epiploic appendages
Functions of epiploic appendages
protect and cushion the colon
blood depository during colonic vessel contraction
fat storage role in absorption and immune response
seal perforations
cecum is located where
RLQ
widest part of the colon
cecum
blind intestinal pouch
cecum
has no mesentery but almost all covered by peritoneum
cecum
two openings of the cecum
ileocecal valve
opening of the appendix
not a real valve but prevents reflex of contents into the ileum
ileocecal valve
Gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the embryo but turns vestigial
appendix
location of appendix
RLQ
blind intestinal diverticulum that contains masses of lymphoid tissue
appendix
appendix is suspended by
mesoappendix
Most common surgical emergency
appendectomy
Good morning appendix
appendix that just pops out upon opening the peritoneum