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OS 206 1ST EXAM > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Innervation

A 
Ventral Rami T5-L1, 
Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11), 
Lateral (Thoracic) cutaneous branches ( T7-T9 or T10), 
Subcostal nerve T12, 
Iliohypogastric (sup) and 
Ilioinguinal (inferior)
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2
Q

Blood Supply

A 
Superior epigastric
Inferior epigastric
Deep circumflex iliac
Musculophrenic
Post. intercostal
Subcostal
Lumbar
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3
Q

Branch of internal thoracic/ mammary artery and supplies superior part of rectus abdominis

A

Superior epigastric

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4
Q

Arises from the external iliac artery and supplies inferior part of rectus abdominis

A

Inferior epigastric

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5
Q

Venous drainage is via

A

accompanying veins

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6
Q

Where does the superficial epigastric vein and lateral thoracic vein anastomoses?

A

Thoraco-epigastric vein

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7
Q

Superficial and deep anastomoses are important for

A

collateral circulation

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8
Q

What veins end in the greater saphenous vein of the lower limb?

A

Three superficial inguinal vens

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9
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Superior:
above umbilicus: axillary or cervical nodes
below umbilicus: superficial inguinal nodes

Deep:
drain to external iliac nodes, common iliac nodes, lumbar (para-aortic) nodes..reaches the cisterna chylii and thoracic duct

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10
Q

Area of inherent weakness

A

inguinal area

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11
Q

common site of herniation

A

inguinal area

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12
Q

Inguinal trigone and its borders

A

Hesselbach’s Triangle
Superior: inferior epigastric artery
Medial: lateral border of rectus abdominis
Inferior: inguinal ligament

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13
Q

Usually opened when performing operations involving hernias

A

inguinal canal

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14
Q

Borders of inguinal canal

A

Anterior: external oblique aponeurosis
Posterior: transversalis fascia
Roof: internal oblique and transversus abdominis
Floor: inguinal ligament

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15
Q

Contents of inguinal canal

A

spermatic cord (part of which is vas deferens)
round lig of uterus
ilioinguinal nerve from L1 ventral ramus

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16
Q

Congenital Hernia

A

Indirect Hernia
due to presence of serous processus vaginalis
laterla to internal epigastric
CIL

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17
Q

Acquired Hernia

A

Direct Hernia
due chronic cough and prostatic problems and to weaking of the muscles of the inguinal canal
Medial to internal epigatric
DAM

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18
Q

Remnant of the urachus (what is urachus)

A

Median umbilical fold

Urachus is the communication between the urinary bladder and the amniotic sac

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19
Q

Remnant of the umbilical artery

A

Medial umbilical fold

UA is the path of poorly O2 blood from fetus to placenta

20
Q

Remnant of the umbilical vein

A

Falciform ligament, covers the ligamentum teres hepatis

21
Q

assists the anterior abdominal muscles in raising intraabdominal pressure

A

diaphragm

22
Q

Innervations of the Diaphragm

A

Anterior rami of C345, sensory and motor

23
Q

Diaphragmatic apertures

A

I8 10eggs At12

24
Q

Migration of structures outside their normal anatomical location

A

hernia

25
Q

T/F peritoneal cavity/ abdominal cavity contains no organs but thin film of peritoneal cavity

A

True

26
Q

Sensitive to pressure, pain, heat and cold, and laceration. Pain is well localized

A

Parietal peritoneum

27
Q

Insensitive to pressure, pain, heat and cold, and laceration

A

Visceral peritoneum

28
Q

Visceral organs almost completely covered by the visceral peritonuem

A

Intraperitoneal Organs:
stomach, first part of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, superior rectrum, liver, gallbladder and spleen

29
Q

Organs exterior to the peritoneal cavity and posterior to the peritonuem

A

Retroperitoneal organs:

kidneys, ureters, aorta, inferior vena cava, GIT (posterior): part of duodenum part of pancreas

30
Q

connects visceral organs to the body wall

A

mesentery

31
Q

Provides mobility to organs attached

A

mesentery

32
Q

Greater omentum hangs from

A

Greater curvature of the stomach and proximal parts of the duodenum

33
Q

Parts of the greater omentum

A

Gastrophrenic
Gastrosplenic
Gastrocolic

34
Q

Lesser omentum connects

A

the lesser curavature and proximal part of the duodenum to the liver

35
Q

Parts of the lesser omentum

A

Hepatogastric/gastrohepatic

Hepatoduodenal

36
Q

Greater Sac is made up of

A

Transverse mesocolon

37
Q

Supracolic compartments

A

upper GIT, above transverse mesocolon: stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver and spleen

38
Q

Spaces in the peritoneal cavity

A

subphrenic recess

subhepatic- hepatorenal recess/morrison’s pouch

39
Q

Area more commonly looked for by radiologists when conducting ultrasounds or CT scans for abscess or fluid accumulation

A

Hepatorenal recess of Morrison’s pouch

40
Q

Hepatorenal recess of Morrison’s pouch located where

A

bounded by right lobe of the liver, inferiorly by right kidney and duodenum

41
Q

Infracolic compartments

A

Lower GIT, below transverse mesocolon

jejunum, ileum, large intestine, sigmoid colon and rectum

42
Q

Important spaces in the infracolic compartment

A

Rectouterine pouch or pouch of Douglas - between uterus and rectum
REctovesical pouch - between bladder and rectum

43
Q

Lesser Sac

A

omental bursa

44
Q

Spaces of the lesser sac

A

superior and inferior recess

45
Q

Communication between greater and lesser sac

A

Forman of Winslow (Omental foramen)

46
Q

Boundaries of foramen of winslow

A

anterior: portal triad
posterior: IVC
superior: caudate lobe of the liver
inferior: superior part of the duodenum

47
Q

Surgical maneuver in which the hepatoduodenal ligament is clamped and is only a temporary procedure

A

Pringle’s maneuver

OS 206 1ST EXAM (6 decks)

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