Collins - Introduction Flashcards
What composes the Hebrew Bible?
Collection of 24 books with 3 divisions
What are the three divisions of the Hebrew Bible?
-the law (Torah)
-the prophets (nebi’im)
-the writings ( ketubim)
Which was the earliest section to be cemented in the Hebrew Bible?
The Torah (6-5 century BCE)
When were the prophets cemented?
2nd century bce
When do we start to see a fixed canon?
70-100 ce
Why did Hellenistic Jews have more in their canon?
Jews of Alexandria did not set limit to the number of sacred writings
Masoretic text
One of the most important manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible, established by Ben Asher Family of the Masoretes in Tiberias in Galilee. From the 10 and 11th century ce
Aleppo codex
Contains the Masonite manuscript. Now In Jerusalem
When were the Dead Sea scrolls discovered?
1947
When to the Dead Sea scrolls date to?
300-100 bce
Before the Dead Sea scrolls which were the oldest manuscripts?
Greek manuscripts that dated from the 4th century ce
Why are there length differences between Greek translations and Hebrew?
Because the Greek translations where likely based off shorter Hebrew manuscripts
At what point does biblical history become easier to date?
Exilic period
When was the destruction of Samaria?
722
When was the capture of Jerusalem?
597
When was the destruction of Jerusalem?
586
When was the conquest of Babylon by Persia?
539
What is the Dueteronomostic history?
Joshua-kings
Composite artistry
Robert Alter
Understanding the composites rather than assuming uniformity to understand the whole
Excavative scholarship
The attempt to understand the sources to understand the artistry with which they have put together
Literary Criticism
Separation of sources that lead to acute obserservations about inner tensions within the text but expected the text to conform to modern expectations.
Julius Wellhausen
Form Criticism
Breaks the text into smaller unites, focuses on genre, emphasis on social location
Redaction Criticism
The way smaller units were combined by an editor who imposed his own theological agenda. Emphasized later rather than former texts
Gerhard Von Rad and Martin Noth
W. F. Albright
American archeologist/biblical scholar. Made extensive use of ANE lit to understand the context of the bible
New Criticism
The meaning of a text can be found within the text without questions of social, historical, or literary context
New Historicism
Importance of contextual information while still monitoring its focus on the literary text
Canonical Approach
The remedy to older scholarship getting caught up in sources rather than the text as we have it
Post-Modernism
The skepticism of any attempt to reduce a text to a single meaning
Deconstruction
Pulling loose threads in a text to recover suppressed meaning
Walter Brueggemann
Postmodernism
Gerhard Von Rad and Martin Noth
Redaction Criticism
Robert Alter
Composite Artistry
Julius Wellhausen
Literary Criticism
Herman Gunkel
Form Criticism
