Colligative Properties Flashcards
Property that depends on the number of solute particles in solution, irrespective of whether these are molecules or ions, large or small
Colligative property
T/F. The effect of a solute particle of one species is considered to be the same as that of an entirely different kind of particle, at least in dilute solution.
True
Vapor Pressure Lowering
The vapor pressure of a pure solvent is greater than the vapor pressure of a solution containing a non volatile liquid. This lowered vapor pressure leads to boiling point elevation.
Describes VP lowering for ideal solutions of NE
Raoult’s Law
Total pressure of a gaseous solution is equal to the sum of the pressures of its components.
Dalton’s Law
A consequence of VP lowering, increase of BP of a solution that of the pure liquid
Boiling Point Elevation
Change in BP is small if only
it is subjected to barometric pressure
Ebullioscopic constant
a characteristic property of the
solvent and not the solute in a solution
the molal elevation constant
Temperature at which the solid form of the pure solvent coexists in equilibrium with the solution at a fixed external pressure, commonly at 1 atm
Freezing Point Depression
T/F. Addition of solute increases the temp for freezing point of solution
False
Cryoscopic Constant
defined as the molal depression constant
pressure that results to the diffusion of solvent through a semipermeable membrane that allows only solvent to move through it
Osmotic Pressure
when osmotic pressure is equal on both sides of
the membrane
Isoosmotic
term used to describe the equilibrium in biological
fluids
Isotonic
Assumptions in Colligative Properties
+ Solute is non-volatile. Solvent is water
+ Non electrolytes: same for different solutes at the same molar concentration
+ Electrolytes: value of colligative properties depeds on number of ions
+ weak electrolytes: colligative properties depend on ionization
+ solutions are dilute
