Colligative Properties

Question 1

Define colligative properties

Answer 1

Colligative properties are those properties of a solution which depends entirely upon the number of particles of the solution contained in a known volume of a given solvent and not at all upon the nature of the solute.

Question 2

What are the colligative properties that that can be exhibited by a solution??

Answer 2

1) Relative lowering of vapour pressure.
2) Osmotic pressure
3) Elevation of boiling point
4) Depression of freezing point

Question 3

Lowering of vapour pressure by a non volatile solute

Answer 3

When a non volatile solute is dissolved in a liquid, the vapour pressure becomes lower than the vapour pressure of the solvent, when a solute is dissolved in a liquid, some of the total volume of the solution is occupied by the solute molecules and so there are fewer solvent molecules per unit area surface, as a result, solvent molecules vapourizes slower than if no solute were present.

Question 4

Osmosis and Osmotic pressure

Answer 4

There is a natural tendency of solutes in a solution to diffuse from a higher concentration to a lower concentration so as to bring about a uniform distribution throughout. The phenomenon of the movement of particles of a solute from more Concentrated to a less concentrated solution so as to bring about ultimate uniform concentration throughout the bulk, is known as diffusion

Question 5

Boiling point elevation by non - volatile solute

Answer 5

The boiling of a liquid is the temperature at which it’s vapour pressure becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure.

Question 6

Depression of freezing point by volatile solute

Answer 6

Freezing point is the temperature at which solid and liquid states of a substance have the same vapour pressure.