Chemical Bonding Flashcards
What are chemical bonds
A chemical bond is an attractive force that holds atoms or ions together. this attractive interaction leads to a more stable state for the whole system compared to individual atoms
Types of bonds
- Ionic Bonds
- Covalent bonds
- Metallic bonds
- Hydrogen bonds
Lewis structure and octet rule
Lewis dot symbols can be used to predict the number of bonds formed by most elements in their compounds. The structure reflect that elements in period 2 and beyond tend to gain, lose or share electrons in Thier compounds which is known as the octet rule
Hybridization
This concept explains how atomic orbitals fuse to form newly hybridized orbitals, which in turn influence molecular geometry and Bonding properties.
Molecular geometry
The shape of a molecule is predicted by Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory. The shape of common organic molecules are based on tetrahedral, trigonal planar or linear arrangements of electron groups
Electronegativity and polarity
Electronegativity is a measure of how strongly atoms attract Bonding electrons to themselves. A large difference in electronegativity between two atoms will result in a polar bond
What’re intermolecular forces
They are attractive forces that hold atoms of noble gases and covalent molecule in liquids and solids, they are relatively weak compared to ionic bond and covalent bond
What’re Vander Waal forces
Van der Waals Forces: These are weak, short-range electrostatic attractive forces between uncharged molecules, arising from the interaction of permanent or transient electric dipole moments
What’re hydrogen bonds
Hydrogen Bond: This is a primarily electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen (H) atom which is covalently bound to a more electronegative “donor” atom or group (Dn), and another electronegative atom bearing a lone pair of electrons—the hydrogen bond acceptor (Ac).
What’re dipole-dipole forces
Dipole-dipole forces, also known as dipole-dipole interactions, are the electrostatic forces between two permanent polar molecules. Generally, the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule
What’re covalent bonds
A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These shared electron pairs are known as bonding pairs. This type of bond occurs when the atomic orbitals of two atoms overlap and the electrons in their outermost shells pair up.
What is ionic bond
An ionic bond, also known as an electrovalent bond, is a type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound.
What is metallic bond
A metallic bond is a type of chemical bond formed between positively charged atoms in which the free electrons are shared among a lattice of cations.
